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Transient dynamics of accelerating turbulent pipe flow

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 April 2021

Byron Guerrero Open the ORCID record for Byron Guerrero [Opens in a new window] ,
Martin F. Lambert Open the ORCID record for Martin F. Lambert [Opens in a new window]  and
Rey C. Chin Open the ORCID record for Rey C. Chin [Opens in a new window]
Byron Guerrero*
Affiliation:
School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia5005
Martin F. Lambert
Affiliation:
School of Civil, Environmental and Mining Engineering, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia5005
Rey C. Chin
Affiliation:
School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia5005
*
†Email address for correspondence: [email protected]
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Abstract

The transient dynamics of accelerating turbulent pipe flow has been examined using direct numerical simulation (DNS) data sets with a high spatiotemporal resolution, starting from low and moderate Reynolds numbers. The time-dependent evolution of the mean flow dynamics reveals that internal flows, during and after a rapid increase in the flow rate, experience four unambiguous transient stages: inertial, pre-transition, transition and core relaxation before they reach their final steady-state. The first stage is characterised by a rapid and substantial increment in the viscous forces within the viscous sublayer, together with the frozen behaviour of the existing turbulent eddies. The pre-transitional stage reveals a weak response of the turbulent inertia within the near-wall region, together with a rapid reduction in the viscous forces. At the third stage, termed transition, balanced growth in the magnitude of both the turbulent and the viscous forces within $y^{+0} \lesssim 50$ is observed. The final stage, referred to as core relaxation, shows a quasi-steady behaviour at $y^{+0} < 50$ and reveals the slow propagation of turbulence from the near-wall region into the wake region. A decomposition of the skin friction coefficient ($C_f$), using an FIK identity suitable for unsteady pipe flow, shows a progressive increment in the turbulent contribution during the core-relaxation period. Simultaneously, the unsteady contribution decreases proportionally, maintaining a plateau in $C_f$. The principal mechanism responsible for this slow regeneration in the wake is a temporal turbulence stratification at the inner region of the flow, together with a quiescent core, which maintains geometric coherence across extensive periods.

JFM classification

Turbulent Flows: Pipe flow Turbulent Flows: Turbulence simulation Turbulent Flows: Turbulent transition
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 917 , 25 June 2021 , A43
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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