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Suspension flow past a cylinder: particle interactions with recirculating wakes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 November 2014

Hamed Haddadi ,
Shahab Shojaei-Zadeh ,
Kevin Connington  and
Jeffrey F. Morris
Hamed Haddadi
Affiliation:
Benjamin Levich Institute and Department of Chemical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA
Shahab Shojaei-Zadeh
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Rutgers University, 98 Brett Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
Kevin Connington
Affiliation:
Benjamin Levich Institute and Department of Chemical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA
Jeffrey F. Morris*
Affiliation:
Benjamin Levich Institute and Department of Chemical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA
*
†Email address for correspondence: [email protected]
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Abstract

Experimental observations of the flow of a suspension of solid fraction ${\it\phi}\approx 0.084$ over a circular cylindrical post in a shallow microchannel (depth smaller than the cylinder radius) find that the recirculating wake behind the obstacle at moderate Reynolds numbers is depleted or devoid of particles. Particles injected into the wake exit to regain the depleted state. By numerical simulation of the discrete particle motion, the basis for the depletion behind the cylinder is studied; rather than a shallow channel, the numerical simulations consider a periodic domain, mimicking the flow past an infinite cylinder. The Reynolds number is defined, using the average axial velocity ${\bar{U}}$, diameter of the obstacle $D$ and the kinematic viscosity of the suspension ${\it\nu}$, as $Re={\bar{U}}D/{\it\nu}$, and is studied for $Re<30$ in the simulation – conditions for which the pure fluid exhibits an extended steady closed-streamline (recirculating) wake behind the cylinder; unsteadiness is found to be suppressed by the channel walls in the experiments, allowing steady flow at a larger $Re$ than expected for an infinite cylinder (up to at least $Re=300$). The simulations use the lattice-Boltzmann method to determine the motion of the fluid and neutrally buoyant particles. The trajectory of a single particle (small relative to the cylinder) shows migration to a limit cycle inside the wake. With an increase of the number of particles in the wake alone (no particles in the free stream), particles can escape the wake due to velocity fluctuations. Simulation of the flow of suspensions of ${\it\phi}=0.04,0.06$ and 0.08 demonstrates that there is particle exchange between the wake and the free stream; the net flux of particles out of the wake leads to a particle-depleted wake, qualitatively very similar to the experimental observation.

JFM classification

Multiphase and Particle-laden Flows: Multiphase and Particle-laden Flows Complex Fluids: Suspensions Wakes/Jets: Wakes/Jets
Type
Rapids
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 760 , 10 December 2014 , R2
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Copyright
© 2014 Cambridge University Press 

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Haddadi et al. supplementary movie

A single particle released in the free stream does not enter the wake region (δ = 0.09, Re = 18).

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Supplementary material: PDF

Haddadi et al. supplementary material

Supplementary material

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PDF 1.7 MB

Haddadi et al. supplementary movie

A single particle released in the wake region migrates outward and reaches a limit cycle trajectory. (δ = 0.09, Re = 18).

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Video 10.8 MB

Haddadi et al. supplementary movie

In addition to particle pairs, limit cycle is a stable trajectory for particle pairs (δ = 0.09, Re = 18).

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Video 8.2 MB

Haddadi et al. supplementary movie

Interaction between particles breaks the stability of the limit cycle and a particle exchange forms between the wake and free stream (δ = 0.09, Re = 18).

Download Haddadi et al. supplementary movie(Video)
Video 14.8 MB