Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gxg78 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-17T23:27:49.707Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

A study of pressure pulses generated by travelling bubble cavitation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 April 2006

Sanjay Kumar  and
Christopher E. Brennen
Sanjay Kumar
Affiliation:
California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA Present address: Room 2-336, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge MA 02139, USA.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The collapse process of single bubbles in travelling bubble cavitation around two axisymmetric headforms have been studied acoustically to understand the collapse process of a cavitation bubble and characterize the sound emission in travelling bubble cavitation. The bubbles were observed to collapse and then sometimes to rebound and collapse again, resulting in one or two pulses in the acoustic signal from a cavitation event. It was observed that each of the pulses could contain more than one peak. This phenomenon is called multipeaking and is clearly distinct from rebounding. The occurrence of rebounding and multipeaking and their effects on some characteristic measures of the acoustic signal such as power spectra are examined in this paper. Two particular headforms (ITTC and Schiebe) with distinct flow characteristics were investigated.

Both rebounding and multipeaking increased with reduction in the cavitation number for the ITTC headform. Smaller flow velocity, smaller cavitation number and multipeaking delay the rebound. The peak amplitude of the sound emitted from the first collapse was seen to be twice as large as the peak amplitude of sound from the second collapse, suggesting a repeatable process of bubble fission during the collapse process. Multipeaking and rebounding increased the characteristic measures of the acoustic signal such as the acoustic impulse. These characteristic measures have larger magnitudes for smaller flow velocity. Also, the values of these characteristics are larger for the ITTC headform than for Schiebe headform.

Theoretical calculations based on the Rayleigh–Plesset equation were seen to correctly predict the order of magnitude of most of these characteristic measures. However, the distribution of spectral energy is not properly predicted; bubble fission during the collapse is thought to account for this discrepancy. Reduction in the cavitation number and multipeaking are observed to decrease the fraction of spectral energy contained in the high-frequency range (30–80 kHz).

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 255 , October 1993 , pp. 541 - 564
Copyright
© 1993 Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Arakeri, V. H. & Shanmuganathan, V. 1985 On the evidence for the effect of bubble interference on cavitation noise. J. Fluid Mech. 159, 130–150.Google Scholar
Baiter, H. J. 1974 Aspects of cavitation noise. In Symp. on High Powered Propulsion of Ships, Wageningen, The Netherlands, Publication 490, pp. 1–39.
Baiter, H. J. 1982 Estimates of acoustic efficiency of collapsing bubbles. In Intl. Symp. on Cavitation Noise, ASME Book H00231, pp. 35–44.
Baiter, H. J. 1986 On different notions of cavitation noise and what they imply. In Intl Symp. on Cavitation and Multiphase Flow Noise, ASME, FED Vol. 45, pp. 107–118.
Bendat, J. S. & Piersol, A. G. 1971 Measurement and Analysis of Random Data. John Willey and Sons.
Bendat, J. S. & Piersol, A. G. 1980 Engineering Applications of Correlation and Spectral Analysis. John Wiley and sons.
Benjamin, T. B. 1958 Pressure waves from collapsing cavities. In Second ONR Symp. on Naval Hydrodynamics (ed. R. D. Cooper), pp. 207–233.
Benjamin, T. B. & Ellis, A. T. 1966 The collapse of cavitation bubbles and the pressures thereby produced against solid boundaries. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond.. A 260, 221–240.Google Scholar
Blake, J. R., Taib, B. B. & Doherty, G. 1986 Transient cavities near boundaries. Part 1. Rigid boundary. J. Fluid Mech. 170, 479–497.Google Scholar
Blake, W. K., Wolpert, M. J. & Geib, F. E. 1977 Cavitation noise and inception as influenced by boundary layer development on a hydrofoil. J. Fluid Mech. 80, 617–640.Google Scholar
Brennen, C. E. & Ceccio, S. L. 1989 Recent observations on cavitation and cavitation noise. In Proc. Third Intl Symp. on Cav. Noise and Erosion in Fluid Systems, San Francisco, Ca, pp. 67–78. ASME.
Ceccio, S. L. 1990 Observations of the dynamics and the acoustic of travelling bubble cavitation. PhD thesis, California Institute of Technology.
Ceccio, S. L. & Brennen, C. E. 1991 The dynamics and acoustics of travelling bubble cavitation. J. Fluid Mech. 233, 633–660.Google Scholar
Ellis, A. T. 1952 Observations on cavitation bubble collapse. Rep. 21–12. California Institute of Technology, Hydrodynamics Laboratory.
Fitzpatrick, H. M. & Strasberg, M. 1956 Hydrodynamic sources of sound. In First Symp. on Naval Hydrodynamics, Washington DC, pp. 241–280.
Flynn, H. G. 1964 Physics of acoustic cavitation in liquids. In Physical Acoustics: Principles and Methods, vol. 1, part B (ed. W. P. Mason), pp. 57–172. Academic.
Gates, E. M. 1977 The influence of freestream turbulence, freestream nuclei populations and drag reducing polymer on cavitation inception on two axisymmetric bodies. Rep. E182-2. California Institute of Technology Division of Engineering and Applied Science.
Gates, E. M., Billet, M. L., Katz, J., Ooi, K. K., Holl, W. & Acosta, A. J. 1979 Cavitation inception and nuclei distribution – joint ARL–CIT experiments. Rep. E244-1, California Institute of Technology, Hydrodynamics Laboratory.
Gilmore, F. R. 1952 The growth and collapse of a spherical bubble in a viscous compressible liquid. Hydrodynamics Laboratory Rep. 26–4. California Institute of Technology.
Hamilton, M. F. 1981 Travelling bubble cavitation and resulting noise. Appl. Res. Lab. Tech. Mem. TM 81–76. Pennsylvania State University.
Hamilton, M. F., Thompson, D. E. & Billet, M. L. 1982 An experimental study of travelling bubble cavitation and noise. In Intl. Symp. on Cavitation Noise, pp. 25–32. ASME.
Harrison, M. 1952 An experimental study of single bubble cavitation noise. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 24, 776–782.Google Scholar
Hoyt, J. W. 1966 Wall effect on the ITTC standard head shape pressure distribution. In 11th Intl Towing Tank Conf., Tokyo, April 1966.
Illichev, V. I. & Lesunovoskii, V. P. 1963 On noise spectra associated with hydrodynamic cavitation. Sov. Phys.-Acoust. 9, 25–28.Google Scholar
Kimoto, H. 1987 An experimental evaluation of the effects of a water microjet and a shock wave by a local pressure sensor. In Intl Symp. on Cavitation Research Facilities and Techniques, ASME FED vol. 57, pp. 217–224.
Knapp, R. T. & Hollander, A. 1948 Laboratory investigations of the mechanisms of cavitation. Trans. ASME, July, pp. 419–435.
Kumar, S. 1991 Some theoretical and experimental studies of cavitation noise. PhD thesis, California Institute of Technology.
Kuhn de Chizelle, Y. 1993 The hydrodynamics, acoustics and scaling of travelling bubble cavitation. PhD thesis, California Institute of Technology.
Kuhn de Chizelle, Y., Ceccio, S. L., Brennen, C. E. & Gowing, S. 1992 Scaling experiments on the dynamics and acoustics of travelling bubble cavitation. Proc. Conf. on Cavitation, Cambridge, England, Dec. 1992.
Lauterborn, W. & Bolle, H. 1975 Experimental investigation of cavitation bubble collapse in the neighbourhood of a solid boundary. J. Fluid Mech. 72, 391–399.Google Scholar
Lindgren, H. & Johnson, C. A. 1966 Cavitation inception on headforms – ITTC comparative experiments, 11th Intl Tank Towing. Conf. Tokyo, 1966, pp. 219–232. (Also Publications of the Swedish State Shipbuilding Experimental Tank, No. 58, 1966.)
Marboe, M. L., Billet, M. L. & Thompson, D. E. 1986 Some aspects of travelling bubble cavitation and noise. Intl Symp. on Cavitation and Multiphase Flow Noise, ASME FED. 45, 119–126.Google Scholar
Mellen, R. H. 1954 Ultrasonic spectrum of cavitation noise in water. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 26, 356–360.Google Scholar
Mellen, R. H. 1956 An experimental study of the collapse of a spherical cavity in water. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 28, 447–454.Google Scholar
Meulen, J. H. J. van der & Renesse, R. L. van 1989 The collapse of bubbles in a flow near a boundary 17th Symp. on Naval Hydrodynamics, The Hague, pp. 379–391.
Morzov, V. P. 1969 Cavitation noise as a train of pulses generated at random times. Sov. Phys. Acoust. 14, 361–365.Google Scholar
Naudè, C. F. & Ellis, A. T. 1961 On the mechanism of cavitation damage by nonhemispherical cavities collapsing in contact with a solid boundary. Trans. ASME D: J. Basic Engng. 83, 648–656.Google Scholar
Plesset, M. S. & Chapman, R. B. 1971 Collapse of an initially spherical cavity in neighbourhood of a solid boundary. J. Fluid Mech. 47, 283–290.Google Scholar
Plesset, M. S. & Prosperetti, A. 1977 Bubble dynamics and cavitation. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 9, 145–185.Google Scholar
Schiebe, F. R. 1972 Measurement of the cavitation susceptibility of water using standard bodies. St. Anthony Falls Hydraulic Laboratory, University of Minessesota, Rep. 118.
Teslenko, V. S. 1980 Experimental investigations of bubble collapse at laser-induced breakdown in liquids. In Cavitation and Inhomogeneities in Underwater Acoustics, Proc. First Int. Conf. (ed. W. Lauterborn), pp. 30–34. Springer.
Vogel, A., Lauterborn, W. & Timm, R. 1989 Optical and acoustic investigations of dynamics of the laser-produced cavitation bubbles near a solid boundary. J. Fluid Mech. 206, 299–338.Google Scholar