Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-q99xh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-19T17:13:15.207Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Structure of transitionally rough and fully rough turbulent boundary layers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 April 2006

Phillip M. Ligrani  and
Robert J. Moffat
Phillip M. Ligrani
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA 93943
Robert J. Moffat
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Thermosciences Division, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Structural characteristics of transitionally rough and fully rough turbulent boundary layers are presented. These were measured in flows at different roughness Reynolds numbers developing over uniform spheres roughness. Inner regions of the longitudinal component of normal Reynolds stress profiles and log regions of mean profiles continuously change in the transitionally rough regime, as the roughness Reynolds number, Rek, varies. These properties asymptotically approach fully rough behaviour as Rek increases, and smooth behaviour at low Rek Profiles of other Reynolds-stress tensor components, turbulence kinetic energy, turbulence-kinetic-energy production, and the turbulence-kinetic-energy dissipation are also given, along with appropriate scaling variables. Fully rough, one-dimensional spectra of longitudinal velocity fluctuations from boundary-layer inner regions are similar to smooth-wall results for k1y > 0.2 when non-dimensionalized using distance from the wall y as the lengthscale, and (τ/ρ)½ as the velocity scale, where τ is local shear stress, ρ is static density, and k1 is one-dimensional wavenumber in the flow direction.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 162 , January 1986 , pp. 69 - 98
Copyright
© 1986 Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Andreopolous, J. & Bradshaw, P. 1981 Measurements of turbulence structure in the boundary layer on a rough surface. Boundary-Layer Met. 20, 201–213.Google Scholar
Antonia, R. A. & Luxton, R. E. 1971 Energy balance in a turbulent boundary layer on a rough wall. Phys. Fluids 14, 1027–1029.Google Scholar
Bradshaw, P. 1967a The turbulence structure of quilibrium boundary layers. J. Fluid Mech. 29, 625–645.Google Scholar
Bradshaw, P. 1967b ‘Inactive’ motion and pressure fluctuations in turbulent boundary layers. J. Fluid Mech. 30, 241–258.Google Scholar
Champagne, F. H. 1978 The fine-scale structure of the turbulent velocity field. J. Fluid Mech. 86, 67–108.Google Scholar
Clauser, F. H. 1956 The turbulent boundary layer. In Advances in Applied Mechanics, vol. 4, pp. 1–51. Academic Press, New York.
Coleman, H. W., Moffat, R. J. & Kays, W. M. 1977 The accelerated fully rough turbulent boundary layer. J. Fluid Mech. 82, 507–528.Google Scholar
Dipprey, D. F. & Sabersky, R. 1963 Heat and momentum transfer in smooth and rough tubes at various Prandtl numbers. Intl J. Heat Mass Transfer 6, 329–353.Google Scholar
Grass, A. J. 1971 Structural features of turbulent flow over smooth and rough boundaries. J. Fluid Mech. 50, 233–255.Google Scholar
Hama, F. R. 1954 Boundary layer characteristics for smooth and rough surfaces. Trans. Soc. Nav. Archit. Mar. Engrs 62, 333–358.Google Scholar
Healzer, J. M., Moffat, R. J. & Kays, W. M. 1974 The turbulent boundary layer on a rough, porous plate: Experimental heat transfer with uniform blowing. Report no. HMT-18, Thermoscienees Division, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University.
Johansson, A. V. & Alfredsson, P. H. 1983 Effects of imperfect spatial resolution on measurements of wall-bounded turbulent Bx shear flows. J. Fluid Mech. 137, 409–421.Google Scholar
Jorgensen, F. E. 1971 Directional sensitivity of wire and hot-film probes. DISA information no. 11.
Kawall, J. G., Shokr, M. & Keffer, J. F. 1983 A digital technique for the simultaneous measurement of streamwise and lateral velocities in turbulent flows. J. Fluid Mech. 133, 83–112.Google Scholar
Kays, W. M. & Crawford, M. E. 1980 Convective Heat and Mass Transfer, 2nd edn. McGraw-Hill, New York.
Ligrani, P. M. & Moffat, R. J. 1979 Artificially thickening a smooth-wall turbulent boundary layer. AIAA J. 17 (8), 907–910.Google Scholar
Ligrani, P. M. & Moffat, R. J. 1985 Thermal boundary layers on a rough surface downstream of steps in wall temperature. Boundary-layer Met. 31 (2), 127–147.Google Scholar
Ligrani, P. M., Moffat, R. J. & Kays, W. M. (August) 1979 The thermal and hydrodynamic behaviour of thick, rough-wall, turbulent boundary layers. Report no. HMT-29, Thermoscienees Division, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University.
Ligrani, P. M., Moffat, R. J. & Kays, W. M. (June) 1983 Artificially thickened turbulent boundary layers for studying heat transfer and skin friction on rough surfaces. Trans. ASME I: J. Fluids Engng 105 (2), 146–153.Google Scholar
Liu, C. K., Kline, S. J. & Johnston, J. P. 1966 An experimental study of turbulent boundary layers on rough walls. Report no. MD-15, Thermoscienees Division, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University.
Monin, A. S. & Yaglom, A. M. 1971 Statistical Fluid Mechanics, vol. 1. The MIT Press.
Nikuradse, J. 1933 Strömungsgesetze in rauhen Röhren. VDI Forschungsheft, no. 361. 1950, English Translation, NACA-TM 1292.Google Scholar
Orlando, A. F., Moffat, R. J. & Kays, W. M. (May) 1974 Turbulent transport of heat and momentum in a boundary layer subject to deceleration suction and variable wall temperature. Report no. HMT-17, Thermoscienees Division, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University.
Owen, P. R. & Thomson, W. R. 1963 Heat transfer across rough surfaces, J. Fluid Mech. 15, 321–334.Google Scholar
Pao, Y. H. (June) 1965 Structure of turbulent velocity and scalar fields at large wavenumbers. Phys. Fluids 8 (6), 1063–1075.Google Scholar
Perry, A. E. & Abell, C. J. 1977 Asymptotic similarity of turbulence structures in smooth-and rough-walled pipes. J. Fluid Mech. 79, 785–799.Google Scholar
Perry, A. E., Schofield, W. H. & Joubert, P. N. 1969 Rough wall turbulent boundary layers. J. Fluid Mech. 37, 383–413.Google Scholar
Pimenta, M. M., Moffat, R. J. & Kays, W. M. 1975 The turbulent boundary layer: an experimental study of the transport of momentum and heat with the effect of roughness. Report no. HMT-21, Thermoscienees Division, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University.
Rotta, J. C. 1962 Turbulent boundary layers in incompressible flow. Prog. Aerospace Sci. 2, 1–219.Google Scholar
Sabot, J., Saleh, I. & Comte-Bellot, G. 1977 Effects of roughness on the intermittent maintenance of Reynolds shear stress in pipe flow. Phys. Fluids 20 (10), part 2, S150-S155.Google Scholar
Schetz, J. A. & Nerney, B. 1977 Turbulent boundary layer with injection and surface roughness. AIAA J. 15 (9), 1288–1294.Google Scholar
Schlichting, H. 1968 Boundary-Layer Theory, 6th edn. McGraw-Hill.
Townsend, A. A. 1954 The Structure of Turbulent Shear Flow, 1st edn. Cambridge University Press.
Townsend, A. A. 1976 The Structure of Turbulent Shear Flow, 2nd edn., pp. 150–158. Cambridge University Press.
Tutu, N. K. & Chevray, R. 1975 Cross-wire anemometry in high intensity turbulence. J. Fluid Mech. 71, 785–800.Google Scholar
Willmarth, W. W. & Sharma, L. K. 1984 Study of turbulent structure with hot wires smaller than the viscous length. J. Fluid Mech. 142, 121–149.Google Scholar
Wood, D. H. & Antonia, R. A. 1975 Measurements in a turbulent boundary over a D-type surface roughness. Trans. ASME E: J. Appl. Mech. 42, 591.Google Scholar
Wyngaard, J. C. 1968 Measurement of small-scale turbulence structure with hot wires. J. Phys. E: Sci. Instrum. 1, ser. 2, 1105–1108.Google Scholar