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The structure of a highly decelerated axisymmetric turbulent boundary layer

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 October 2021

N. Agastya Balantrapu Open the ORCID record for N. Agastya Balantrapu [Opens in a new window] ,
Christopher Hickling ,
W. Nathan Alexander  and
William Devenport
N. Agastya Balantrapu
Affiliation:
Department of Aerospace and Ocean Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
Christopher Hickling
Affiliation:
Department of Aerospace and Ocean Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
W. Nathan Alexander
Affiliation:
Department of Aerospace and Ocean Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
William Devenport*
Affiliation:
Department of Aerospace and Ocean Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
*
†Email address for correspondence: [email protected]
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Abstract

Experiments were performed over a body of revolution at a length-based Reynolds number of 1.9 million. While the lateral curvature parameters are moderate ($\delta /r_s < 2, r_s^+>500$, where $\delta$ is the boundary layer thickness and rs is the radius of curvature), the pressure gradient is increasingly adverse ($\beta _{C} \in [5 \text {--} 18]$ where $\beta_{C}$ is Clauser’s pressure gradient parameter), representative of vehicle-relevant conditions. The mean flow in the outer regions of this fully attached boundary layer displays some properties of a free-shear layer, with the mean-velocity and turbulence intensity profiles attaining self-similarity with the ‘embedded shear layer’ scaling (Schatzman & Thomas, J. Fluid Mech., vol. 815, 2017, pp. 592–642). Spectral analysis of the streamwise turbulence revealed that, as the mean flow decelerates, the large-scale motions energize across the boundary layer, growing proportionally with the boundary layer thickness. When scaled with the shear layer parameters, the distribution of the energy in the low-frequency region is approximately self-similar, emphasizing the role of the embedded shear layer in the large-scale motions. The correlation structure of the boundary layer is discussed at length to supply information towards the development of turbulence and aeroacoustic models. One major finding is that the estimation of integral turbulence length scales from single-point measurements, via Taylor's hypothesis, requires significant corrections to the convection velocity in the inner 50 % of the boundary layer. The apparent convection velocity (estimated from the ratio of integral length scale to the time scale), is approximately 40 % greater than the local mean velocity, suggesting the turbulence is convected much faster than previously thought. Closer to the wall even higher corrections are required.

JFM classification

Boundary Layers: Boundary layer structure Acoustics: Aeroacoustics
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 929 , 25 December 2021 , A9
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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