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Qualitative analysis of the minimum flow rate of a cone-jet of a very polar liquid

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 March 2017

F. J. Higuera Open the ORCID record for F. J. Higuera [Opens in a new window]
F. J. Higuera*
Affiliation:
ETSIAE, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Plaza Cardenal Cisneros 3, 28040 Madrid, Spain
*
†Email address for correspondence: [email protected]
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Abstract

Electrostatic atomization of a liquid of finite electrical conductivity in the so-called cone-jet regime relies on the electric shear stresses that appear in a region of the liquid surface when a meniscus of the liquid is subjected to an intense electric field. An order of magnitude analysis is used to describe the flow induced by these stresses, which drive the liquid of the meniscus into a jet that issues from the tip of the meniscus and breaks into droplets at some distance from it. When the dielectric constant of the liquid is large, the electric shear stresses extend into the jet and cause a depression that sucks liquid from the meniscus. The induced flow rate is estimated and shown to represent approximately the minimum flow rate at which a cone-jet can be established. It is argued that the meniscus can be stabilized by the electric field that the charge of the jet induces on it. This stabilizing mechanism weakens when the flow rate supplied to the meniscus decreases, and its failure may determine an alternative minimum flow rate for the cone-jet regime. The instability of the jet and existing scaling laws for the size of the spray droplets are discussed.

JFM classification

Drops and Bubbles: Drops and Bubbles Drops and Bubbles: Electrohydrodynamic effects
Type
Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 816 , 10 April 2017 , pp. 428 - 441
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Copyright
© 2017 Cambridge University Press 

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