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Kinetic energy transport in Rayleigh–Bénard convection

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 May 2015

K. Petschel ,
S. Stellmach ,
M. Wilczek ,
J. Lülff  and
U. Hansen
K. Petschel*
Affiliation:
Institut für Geophysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, D-48149, Germany
S. Stellmach
Affiliation:
Institut für Geophysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, D-48149, Germany
M. Wilczek
Affiliation:
Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Göttingen, D-37077, Germany
J. Lülff
Affiliation:
Institut für Theoretische Physik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, D-48149, Germany
U. Hansen
Affiliation:
Institut für Geophysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, D-48149, Germany
*
†Email address for correspondence: [email protected]
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Abstract

The kinetic energy balance in Rayleigh–Bénard convection is investigated by means of direct numerical simulations for the Prandtl number range $0.01\leqslant \mathit{Pr}\leqslant 150$ and for fixed Rayleigh number $\mathit{Ra}=5\times 10^{6}$. The kinetic energy balance is divided into a dissipation, a production and a flux term. We discuss the profiles of all the terms and find that the different contributions to the energy balance can be spatially separated into regions where kinetic energy is produced and where kinetic energy is dissipated. By analysing the Prandtl number dependence of the kinetic energy balance, we show that the height dependence of the mean viscous dissipation is closely related to the flux of kinetic energy. We show that the flux of kinetic energy can be divided into four additive contributions, each representing a different elementary physical process (advection, buoyancy, normal viscous stresses and viscous shear stresses). The behaviour of these individual flux contributions is found to be surprisingly rich and exhibits a pronounced Prandtl number dependence. Different flux contributions dominate the kinetic energy transport at different depths, such that a comprehensive discussion requires a decomposition of the domain into a considerable number of sublayers. On a less detailed level, our results reveal that advective kinetic energy fluxes play a key role in balancing the near-wall dissipation at low Prandtl number, whereas normal viscous stresses are particularly important at high Prandtl number. Finally, our work reveals that classical velocity boundary layers are deeply connected to the kinetic energy transport, but fail to correctly represent regions of enhanced viscous dissipation.

JFM classification

Boundary Layers: Boundary layer structure Turbulent Flows: Turbulent convection
Type
Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 773 , 25 June 2015 , pp. 395 - 417
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Copyright
© 2015 Cambridge University Press 

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