Fluid flow generated by switching a magnetic field on or off

Abstract

A uniform magnetic field is switched on at time t = 0 outside a body of conducting fluid. It is assumed that the field strength increases in time in proportion to 1 -e^−αt, where α is a constant of the circuit generating the field. Under the assumption of small magnetic Reynolds number and small magnetic Prandtl number the equations governing the diffusion of the field into the fluid are derived and a simple expression is given for the initial vorticity distribution produced in the fluid. The situation in which an initially uniform field is switched off is also considered. It is shown that, for sufficiently symmetrically shaped bodies of fluid, the vorticity generated by the switching-on of the field is the same as that generated by the switching-off. The particular case of an infinitely long circular cylinder of conducting fluid is considered in detail and an explicit expression is derived for the vorticity distribution.