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Experimental study of inertial particles in a horizontal turbulent pipe flow: neutrally buoyant and denser-than-fluid particles

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 March 2025

Guanzhe Cui Open the ORCID record for Guanzhe Cui [Opens in a new window] ,
Adel Emadzadeh Open the ORCID record for Adel Emadzadeh [Opens in a new window] ,
Andrew Ooi Open the ORCID record for Andrew Ooi [Opens in a new window]  and
Jimmy Philip Open the ORCID record for Jimmy Philip [Opens in a new window]
Guanzhe Cui*
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
Adel Emadzadeh
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
Andrew Ooi
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
Jimmy Philip*
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
*
Corresponding authors: Guanzhe Cui, [email protected]; Jimmy Philip, [email protected]
Corresponding authors: Guanzhe Cui, [email protected]; Jimmy Philip, [email protected]
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Abstract

Particle-laden horizontal turbulent pipe flow is studied experimentally in the two-way coupling regime with a focus on delineating the effects of particle-to-fluid density ratio $\rho _{p}/\rho _{f}=1$ and 1.05 on the fluid and particle statistics. Particle volume fraction $\phi _{v}$ up to $1\,\%$ and viscous Stokes numbers ranging from $St^+ \approx 1.2$ to $St^+ \approx 3.8$ are investigated at friction Reynolds number $Re_\tau \approx 195$ using time-resolved two-dimensional particle image and tracking velocimetry. Substantial differences are observed between the statistics of neutrally buoyant (i.e. $\rho _{p}/\rho _{f}=1$) and denser (i.e. $\rho _{p}/\rho _{f}=1.05$) settling particles (with settling velocities 0.12–0.32 times the friction velocity), which, at most instances, show opposing trends compared to unladen pipe flow statistics. Neutrally buoyant particles show a slightly increased overall drag and suppressed turbulent stresses, but elevated particle–fluid interaction drag and results in elongated turbulent structures compared to the unladen flow, whereas $\rho _{p}/\rho _{f}=1.05$ particles exhibit a slight overall drag reduction even with increased radial turbulent stresses, and shorter streamwise structures compared to the unladen flow. These differences are enhanced with increasing $St^+$ and $\phi _v$, and can be attributed to the small but non-negligible settling velocity of denser particles, which also leads to differing statistics in the upper and lower pipe halves.

JFM classification

Multiphase and Particle-laden Flows: Multiphase flow
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 1008 , 10 April 2025 , A2
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press

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