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Erosion of a sharp density interface by a turbulent jet at moderate Froude and Reynolds numbers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 January 2018

J. Herault Open the ORCID record for J. Herault [Opens in a new window] ,
G. Facchini  and
M. Le Bars
J. Herault*
Affiliation:
Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), 13115 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France Aix–Marseille University, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, IRPHE, UMR 7342, 49 rue F. Joliot-Curie, 13013 Marseille, France
G. Facchini
Affiliation:
Aix–Marseille University, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, IRPHE, UMR 7342, 49 rue F. Joliot-Curie, 13013 Marseille, France
M. Le Bars
Affiliation:
Aix–Marseille University, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, IRPHE, UMR 7342, 49 rue F. Joliot-Curie, 13013 Marseille, France
*
†Email address for correspondence: [email protected]
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Abstract

Using water–salt water laboratory experiments, we investigate the mechanism of erosion by a turbulent jet impinging onto a density interface, for moderate Reynolds and Froude numbers. The Froude number is defined by $Fr_{i}=u_{i}/\sqrt{b_{i}g^{\prime }}$, with $u_{i}$ and $b_{i}$, the typical velocity and width of the jet at the interface, and $g^{\prime }$ the reduced gravitational acceleration. The Froude number $Fr_{i}$ characterizes the competition between inertial forces against the restoring buoyancy force. Contrary to previous observations reporting baroclinic destabilization of the interface, we show that the entrainment, in the range of parameters explored here, is driven by interfacial gravity waves. The waves are generated by the barotropic excitation coming from the turbulent fluctuations of the jet; they are then amplified by a mechanism of wave-induced stress; and they finally break and induce entrainment and mixing. Based on those physical observations, we introduce a scaling model for the entrainment rate, which varies continuously from $Fr_{i}^{3}$ to an $Fr_{i}$ power law from small to large Froude numbers, in agreement with the present and some of the previous laboratory data.

JFM classification

Geophysical and Geological Flows: Stratified flows Mixing: Turbulent mixing
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 838 , 10 March 2018 , pp. 631 - 657
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Copyright
© 2018 Cambridge University Press 

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Herault et al. supplementary movie

Mixing process in the vicinity of the interface (15 × 20cm2) The dense fluid has been dyed by rhodamine and corresponds to the bright region.

Download Herault et al. supplementary movie(Video)
Video 9.3 MB