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Effects of charge relaxation on the electrohydrodynamic breakup of leaky-dielectric jets

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 August 2021

Qichun Nie ,
Fang Li Open the ORCID record for Fang Li [Opens in a new window] ,
Qianli Ma ,
Haisheng Fang Open the ORCID record for Haisheng Fang [Opens in a new window]  and
Zhouping Yin Open the ORCID record for Zhouping Yin [Opens in a new window]
Qichun Nie
Affiliation:
School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, PR China
Fang Li
Affiliation:
Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, PR China
Qianli Ma
Affiliation:
School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, PR China
Haisheng Fang*
Affiliation:
School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, PR China
Zhouping Yin*
Affiliation:
School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, PR China
*
†Email addresses for correspondence: [email protected], [email protected]
†Email addresses for correspondence: [email protected], [email protected]
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Abstract

The breakup process of a charged, leaky-dielectric jet subjected to an axial perturbation is computationally analysed from the perspectives of linear and nonlinear dynamics using the arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian technique. The linear dynamics of the leaky-dielectric jet is quantitatively predicted by the dispersion relation from the linear stability analysis. Regarding the nonlinear dynamics, it is found that the charge relaxation is responsible for the radial compression of satellite droplets, which is validated by experiments. Two types of charge relaxations, namely, ohmic conduction and surface charge convection, define the pinching process into three breakup modes, i.e. ligament pinching, end pinching and transition pinching. In the ligament-pinching mode, the ohmic conduction dominates the jet breakup since the charge relaxes to the jet ligament instantaneously. In contrast, the surface charge convection takes effect in the end-pinching mode since the surface charge is convected to the jet end via fluid flow. When the ohmic conduction is comparable to the surface charge convection, the breakup occurs simultaneously at the end and the ligament. Finally, the influences of the perturbed wavenumber, the electric field intensity and the viscosity on the breakup mode and the local dynamics at pinch-off are comprehensively discussed.

JFM classification

Instability: Nonlinear instability Wakes/Jets: Jets
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 925 , 25 October 2021 , A4
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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