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Direct numerical simulations of turbulence and hyporheic mixing near sediment–water interfaces

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 April 2020

Guangchen Shen Open the ORCID record for Guangchen Shen [Opens in a new window] ,
Junlin Yuan Open the ORCID record for Junlin Yuan [Opens in a new window]  and
Mantha S. Phanikumar Open the ORCID record for Mantha S. Phanikumar [Opens in a new window]
Guangchen Shen*
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
Junlin Yuan
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
Mantha S. Phanikumar
Affiliation:
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
*
†Email address for correspondence: [email protected]
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Abstract

The effects of bed roughness, isolated from those of bed permeability, on the vertical transport processes across the sediment–water interface (SWI) are not well understood. We compare the statistics and structure of the mean flow and turbulence in open-channel flows with a friction Reynolds number of 395 and a permeability Reynolds number of 2.6 over sediments with either regular or random grain packing at the SWI. The regular sediment interface is formed by cubic packing of spheres aligned with the mean-velocity direction. It is shown that, even in the absence of any bedform, the subtle details of the particle roughness alone can significantly affect the dynamics of turbulence and the time-mean flow. Such effects translate to large differences in penetration depths, apparent permeabilities, vertical mass fluxes and subsurface flow paths of passive scalars. The less organized distribution of mean recirculation regions near the interface with a random packing leads to a more isotropic form-induced stress tensor. The augmented wall-normal form-induced fluctuations play a significant role in increasing mixing and wall-normal mass and momentum exchange.

JFM classification

Turbulent Flows: Turbulence simulation Turbulent Flows: Shear layer turbulence Low-Reynolds-number flows: Porous media
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 892 , 10 June 2020 , A20
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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