Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-dh8gc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-02T21:15:25.154Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Direct numerical simulation of turbulent flow over riblets

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 April 2006

Haecheon Choi ,
Parviz Moin  and
John Kim
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Direct numerical simulations of turbulent flows over riblet-mounted surfaces are performed to educe the mechanism of drag reduction by riblets. The computed drag on the riblet surfaces is in good agreement with the existing experimental data. The mean-velocity profiles show upward and downward shifts in the log–law for drag-decreasing and drag-increasing cases, respectively. Turbulence statistics above the riblets are computed and compared with those above a flat plate. Differences in the mean-velocity profile and turbulence quantities are found to be limited to the inner region of the boundary layer. Velocity and vorticity fluctuations as well as the Reynolds shear stresses above the riblets are reduced in drag-reducing configurations. Quadrant analysis indicates that riblets mitigate the positive Reynolds-shear-stress-producing events in drag-reducing configurations. From examination of the instantaneous flow fields, a drag reduction mechanism by riblets is proposed: riblets with small spacings reduce viscous drag by restricting the location of the streamwise vortices above the wetted surface such that only a limited area of the riblets is exposed to the downwash of high-speed fluid that the vortices induce.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 255 , October 1993 , pp. 503 - 539
Copyright
© 1993 Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bacher, E. V. & Smith, C. R. 1985 A combined visualization-anemometry study of the turbulent drag reducing mechanisms of triangular micro-groove surface modifications. AIAA Paper 85–0548.
Bandyopadhyay, P. R. 1986 Review — Mean flow in turbulent boundary layers disturbed to alter skin friction. Trans. ASME I: J. Fluids Engng. 108, 127.Google Scholar
Bechert, D. W. & Bartenwerfer, M. 1989 The viscous flow on surfaces with longitudinal ribs. J. Fluid Mech. 206, 105.Google Scholar
Benhalilou, M., Anselmet, F., Liandrat, J. & Fulachier, L. 1991 Experimental and numerical investigation of a turbulent boundary layer over riblets. In Proc. 8th Symp. on Turbulent Shear Flows, 9–11 September 1991, Technical University of Munich, pp. 18.5.1–18.5.6.
Bushnell, D. M. & McGinley, C. B. 1989 Turbulence control in wall flows. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 21, 1.Google Scholar
Cantwell, B. J. 1981 Organized motion in turbulent flow. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 13, 457.Google Scholar
Choi, H., Moin, P. & Kim, J. 1991 On the effect of riblets in fully developed laminar channel flows. Phys. Fluids A. 3, 1892.Google Scholar
Choi, H., Moin, P. & Kim, J. 1992 Turbulent drag reduction: studies of feedback control and flow over riblets. Rep. TF-55. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA.
Choi, K.-S. 1989 Near-wall structure of a turbulent boundary layer with riblets. J. Fluid Mech. 208, 417.Google Scholar
Coustols, E. & Cousteix, J. 1989 Experimental manipulation of turbulent boundary layers in zero pressure gradient flows through external and internal devices. In Proc. 7th Symp. on Turbulent Shear Flows, 21–23 August 1989, Stanford University, California, pp. 25.3.1–25.3.6
Coustols, E. & Savill, A. M. 1992 Turbulent skin-friction drag reduction by active and passive means. In Special Course on Skin Friction Drag Reduction (ed. J. Cousteix), AGARD Rep. 786.
Gallagher, J. A. & Thomas, A. S. W. 1984 Turbulent boundary layer characteristics over streamwise grooves. AIAA Paper 84–2185.
Gaudet, L. 1987 An assessment of the drag reduction properties of riblets and the penalties of offdesign conditions. RAE TM 2113.
Hooshmand, A., Youngs, R. A., Wallace, J. M. & Balint, J.-L. 1983 An experimental study of changes in the structure of a turbulent boundary layer due to surface geometry changes. AIAA Paper 83–0230.
Jiménez, J. & Moin, P. 1991 The minimal flow unit in near-wall turbulence. J. Fluid Mech. 225, 213.Google Scholar
Johansen, J. B. & Smith, C. R. 1986 The effects of cylindrical surface modifications on turbulent boundary layers. AIAA J. 24, 1081.Google Scholar
Kim, J., Moin, P. & Moser, R. 1987 Turbulence statistics in fully developed channel flow at low Reynolds number. J. Fluid Mech. 177, 133.Google Scholar
Launder, B. E. & Li, S. 1989 A numerical study of riblet effects on laminar flow through a plane channel. Appl. Sci. Res. 46, 271.Google Scholar
Liu, K. N., Christodoulou, C., Riccius, O. & Joseph, D. D. 1990 Drag reduction in pipes lined with riblets. AIAA J. 28, 1697.Google Scholar
Luchini, P., Manzo, F. & Pozzi, A. 1991 Resistance of a grooved surface to parallel flow and crossflow. J. Fluid Mech. 228, 87.Google Scholar
Lumley, J. L. 1973 Drag reduction in turbulent flow by polymer additives. J. Polymer Sci. D: Macromol. Rev. 7, 263.Google Scholar
Moffatt, H. K. & Duffy, B. R. 1980 Local similarity solutions and their limitations. J. Fluid Mech. 96, 299.Google Scholar
Nakao, S.-I. 1991 Application of V shape riblets to pipe flows. Trans. ASME I: J. Fluids Engng. 113, 587.Google Scholar
Nguyen, V. D., Savill, A. M. & Westphal, R. V. 1987 Skin friction measurements following manipulation of a turbulent boundary layer. AIAA J. 25, 498.Google Scholar
Nikuradse, J. 1930 Turbulente Strömung in nichtkreisförmigen Rohren. Ing.-Arch. 1, 306.Google Scholar
Nikuradse, J. 1933 Stromungsgesetze in rauher rohen. VDI-Forschungsheft 361. (Also, Laws of flow in rough pipes. NACA TM 1292.)
Nitschke, P. 1984 Experimental investigation of the turbulent flow in smooth and longitudinal grooved tubes. NASA TM 77480.
Pulles, C. J. A., Prasad, K. K. & Nieuwstadt, F. T. M. 1989 Turbulence measurements over longitudinal micro-grooved surfaces. Appl. Sci. Res. 46, 197.Google Scholar
Robinson, S. K. 1988 Effects of riblets on turbulence in a supersonic boundary layer. AIAA Paper 88–2526.
Robinson, S. K. 1991 Coherent motions in the turbulent boundary layer. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 23, 601.Google Scholar
Rogallo, R. S. & Moin, P. 1984 Numerical simulation of turbulent flows. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 16, 99.Google Scholar
Rosenfeld, M., Kwak, D. & Vinokur, M. 1991 A fractional step solution method for the unsteady incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in generalized coordinate systems. J. Comput. Phys. 94, 102.Google Scholar
Sawyer, W. G. & Winter, K. G. 1987 An investigation of the effect on turbulent skin friction of surfaces with streamwise grooves. RAE TM 2112
Schlichting, H. 1936 Experimentelle untersuchungen zum rauhigkeits problem. Ingenieur-Archiv VII. 1, 1. (Also, Experimental investigation of the problem of surface roughness. NACA TM 823.)Google Scholar
Tani, I. 1988 Drag reduction by riblet viewed as roughness problem. Proc. Japan Acad.. B 64, 21.Google Scholar
Tardu, S. & Truong, T. V. 1991 In Proc. 6th European Drag Reduction Meeting, August 1991, Eindhoven.
Virk, P. S. 1975 Drag reduction fundamentals. AIChE J. 21, 625.Google Scholar
Vukoslavčević, P., Wallace, J. M. & Balint, J.-L. 1992 Viscous drag reduction using streamwise-aligned riblets. AIAA J. 30, 1119.Google Scholar
Wallace, J. M. & Balint, J.-L. 1987 Viscous drag reduction using streamwise aligned riblets: survey and new results. In Turbulence Management and Relaminarisation(ed. H. W. Liepman & R. Narasimha). Springer.
Wallace, J. M., Eckelmann, H. & Brodkey, R. S. 1972 The wall region in turbulent shear flow. J. Fluid Mech. 54, 39.Google Scholar
Walsh, M. J. 1980 Drag characteristics of V-groove and transverse curvature riblets. In Viscous Drag Reduction (ed. G. R. Hough). AIAA
Walsh, M. J. 1982 Turbulent boundary layer drag reduction using riblets. AIAA Paper 82–0169.
Walsh, M. J. 1983 Riblets as a viscous drag reduction technique. AIAA J. 21, 485.Google Scholar
Walsh, M. J. & Weinstein, L. M. 1978 Drag and heat transfer on surfaces with small longitudinal fins. AIAA Paper 78–1161.
Wilkinson, S. P. & Lazos, B. S. 1987 Direct drag and hot-wire measurements on thin-element riblet arrays. In Turbulence Management and Relaminarisation (ed. H. W. Liepman & R. Narasimha). Springer.
Willmarth, W. W. & Lu, S. S. 1972 Structure of the Reynolds stress near the wall. J. Fluid Mech. 55, 65.Google Scholar