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Converging near-elliptic shock waves

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 December 2020

Enlai Zhang Open the ORCID record for Enlai Zhang [Opens in a new window] ,
Zhufei Li Open the ORCID record for Zhufei Li [Opens in a new window] ,
Junze Ji ,
Dongxian Si  and
Jiming Yang
Enlai Zhang
Affiliation:
Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230026, PR China
Zhufei Li*
Affiliation:
Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230026, PR China
Junze Ji
Affiliation:
Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230026, PR China
Dongxian Si
Affiliation:
Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230026, PR China
Jiming Yang
Affiliation:
Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230026, PR China
*
†Email address for correspondence: [email protected]
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Abstract

This paper characterizes the geometry of converging near-elliptic shock waves at a Mach number of 6. The converging shocks are produced by elliptic conical surfaces with shapes made up from adjacent straight generators, each deflected a constant angle from the free-stream direction. Combined shock tunnel experiments and numerical analyses are conducted to depict the evolution of the converging shock waves for several elliptic entry aspect ratios $AR$s (i.e. the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis). It is revealed that the deviation from axial symmetry is amplified as the shock front approaches the centreline, which results in different shock interaction types compared with the axisymmetric case. Three typical shock interaction types are classified depending on various ARs. For a small AR, faster shock strengthening in the major plane dominates, although a Mach reflection (type A) that resembles the axisymmetric flow field is formed. However, for a sufficiently large AR, the shock strengthening is eventually terminated by the intersection of the weaker shocks in the minor plane owing to their smaller off-centre distances, which results in a regular reflection (type B). Between these two interaction patterns, there is a critical AR for which both the shock fronts in the major and minor planes intersect at the centreline coincidentally, and this critical intersection (type C) exhibits an extreme case of a shock front converging to a singular point. This study indicates that deviation from axial symmetry affects the evolution of the shock structures in converging flow.

JFM classification

Compressible Flows: Gas dynamics Compressible Flows: Shock waves
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 909 , 25 February 2021 , A2
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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