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Confinements regulate capillary instabilities of fluid threads

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 June 2019

Xiaodong Chen ,
Chundong Xue  and
Guoqing Hu Open the ORCID record for Guoqing Hu [Opens in a new window]
Xiaodong Chen
Affiliation:
School of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
Chundong Xue
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Guoqing Hu*
Affiliation:
Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
*
†Email addresses for correspondence: [email protected], [email protected]
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Abstract

We study the breakup of confined fluid threads at low flow rates to understand instability mechanisms. To determine the critical conditions between the earlier quasi-stable necking stage and the later unstable collapse stage, simulations and experiments are designed to operate at an extremely low flow rate. The critical mean radii at the neck centres are identified by the stop-flow method for elementary microfluidic configurations. Two distinct origins of capillary instabilities are revealed for different confinement situations. One is the gradient of capillary pressure induced by the confinements of geometry and external flow, whereas the other is the competition between the capillary pressure and internal pressure determined by the confinements.

JFM classification

Drops and Bubbles: Breakup/coalescence Micro-/Nano-fluid dynamics: Microfluidics Multiphase and Particle-laden Flows: Multiphase flow
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 873 , 25 August 2019 , pp. 816 - 834
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Copyright
© 2019 Cambridge University Press 

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Footnotes

‡

The original version of this article was published with an incorrect author name. A notice detailing this has been published and the error rectified in the online and print PDF and HTML copies.

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Chen et al. supplementary movie 1

Interfacial evolution before the critical moment from experiments using the stop-flow method in figure 4(c).

Download Chen et al. supplementary movie 1(Video)
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Chen et al. supplementary movie 2

Interfacial evolution after the critical moment from experiments using the stop-flow method in figure 4(c).

Download Chen et al. supplementary movie 2(Video)
Video 470.3 KB

Chen et al. supplementary movie 3

Interfacial evolution before the critical moment from experiments using the stop-flow method in figure 10(c).

Download Chen et al. supplementary movie 3(Video)
Video 452.9 KB

Chen et al. supplementary movie 4

Interfacial evolution after the critical moment from experiments using the stop-flow method in figure 10(c).

Download Chen et al. supplementary movie 4(Video)
Video 454.3 KB
Supplementary material: File

Chen et al. supplementary material

Supplementary material

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