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Collision between chemically driven self-propelled drops

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 September 2016

Shunsuke Yabunaka  and
Natsuhiko Yoshinaga Open the ORCID record for Natsuhiko Yoshinaga [Opens in a new window]
Shunsuke Yabunaka
Affiliation:
Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-Cho, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
Natsuhiko Yoshinaga*
Affiliation:
WPI – Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan MathAM-OIL, AIST, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
*
†Email address for correspondence: [email protected]
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Abstract

We use analytical and numerical approaches to investigate head-on collisions between two self-propelled drops described as a phase separated binary mixture. Each drop is driven by chemical reactions that isotropically produce or consume the concentration of a third chemical component, which affects the surface tension of the drop. The isotropic distribution of the concentration field is destabilized by motion of the drop, which is created by the Marangoni flow from the concentration-dependent surface tension. This symmetry-breaking self-propulsion is distinct from other self-propulsion mechanisms due to its intrinsic polarity of squirmers and self-phoretic motion; there is a bifurcation point below which the drop is stationary and above which it moves spontaneously. When two drops are moving in the opposite direction along the same axis, their interactions arise from hydrodynamics and concentration overlap. We found that two drops exhibit either an elastic collision or fusion, depending on the distance from their bifurcation point, which may be controlled, for example, by viscosity. An elastic collision occurs when there is a balance between dissipation and the injection of energy by chemical reactions. We derive the reduced equations for the collision between two drops and analyse the contributions from the two interactions. The concentration-mediated interaction is found to dominate the hydrodynamic interaction for a head-on collision.

JFM classification

Interfacial Flows (free surface): Interfacial Flows (free surface) Low-Reynolds-number flows: Low-Reynolds-number flows Biological Fluid Dynamics: Propulsion
Type
Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 806 , 10 November 2016 , pp. 205 - 233
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Copyright
© 2016 Cambridge University Press 

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