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The circular hydraulic jump

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 April 2006

A. D. D. Craik ,
R. C. Latham ,
M. J. Fawkes  and
P. W. F. Gribbon
A. D. D. Craik
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Mathematics, University of St Andrews, Fife KY16 9SS, Scotland
R. C. Latham
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Mathematics, University of St Andrews, Fife KY16 9SS, Scotland Present address: c/o Scottish Widows Trust, Edinburgh.
M. J. Fawkes
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, University of St Andrews, Fife KY16 9SS, Scotland Present address: c/o British Nuclear Fuels, Chapelcross.
P. W. F. Gribbon
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, University of St Andrews, Fife KY16 9SS, Scotland
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Abstract

The circular hydraulic jump commonly forms on a horizontal plate struck by a vertical jet of liquid. New observations of this phenomenon are described.

A previously unreported instability of the jump is examined. This is shown to arise when the local Reynolds number Rj just ahead of the jump exceeds a critical value of 147. Prior to this instability, the flow behind the jump contains a closed eddy, the length of which decreases to zero as Rj increases towards its critical value. Physical explanations for this flow structure and instability are proposed.

Accurate measurements of liquid depths were made using a light-absorption technique, in which a laser was shone through water containing a strong dye. Liquid depths ahead of and behind the jump were so determined and depth profiles of the jump in the stable regime were obtained.

As the outer depth was increased, the jump closed in on the jet and eventually disappeared: this extinction of the jump is also investigated.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 112 , November 1981 , pp. 347 - 362
Copyright
© 1981 Cambridge University Press

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