Hostname: page-component-f554764f5-rvxtl Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-04-19T06:50:06.691Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Wall-layer structure and drag reduction

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 April 2006

W. G. Tiederman ,
T. S. Luchik  and
D. G. Bogard
W. G. Tiederman
Affiliation:
School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, W. Lafayette. Indiana 47907 USA
T. S. Luchik
Affiliation:
School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, W. Lafayette. Indiana 47907 USA
D. G. Bogard
Affiliation:
School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, W. Lafayette. Indiana 47907 USA
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

When drag-reducing additives are confined entirely to the linear sublayer of a turbulent channel flow of water, both the spanwise spacing and bursting rate of the wall-layer structure are the same as those for a water flow and there is no evidence of drag reduction. Drag reduction is measured downstream of the location where the additives injected into the sublayer begin to mix in significant quantities with the buffer region (10 < y+ < 100)The superscript + denotes a dimensionless quantity scaled with the kinematic viscosity ν and the wall shear velocity v* = (τw/ρ)½. of the channel flow. At streamwise locations where drag reduction does occur and where the injected fluid is not yet uniformly mixed with the channel flow, the dimensionless spanwise streak spacing increases and the average bursting rate decreases. The decrease in bursting rate is larger than the corresponding increase in streak spacing. The wall-layer structure is like the structure in the flow of a homogeneous, uniformly mixed, drag-reducing solution. Thus, the additives have a direct effect on the flow processes in the buffer region and the linear sublayer appears to have a passive role in the interaction of the inner and outer portions of a turbulent wall layer.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 156 , July 1985 , pp. 419 - 437
Copyright
© 1985 Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Achia, B. U. & Thompson, D. W. 1977 Structure of the turbulent boundary layer in drag-reducing pipe flow. J. Fluid Mech. 81, 439.Google Scholar
Bogard, D. G. & Tiederman, W. G. 1983 Investigation of flow visualization techniques for detecting turbulent bursts. In Symposium on Turbulence, 1981 (ed. G. K. Patterson & J. L. Zakin), p. 289 University of Missouri-Rolla.
Cantwell, B. J. 1981 Organized motion in turbulent flow. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 13, 457.Google Scholar
Donohue, G. L., Tiederman, W. G. & Reischman, M. M. 1972 Flow visualization of the near-wall region in a drag-reducing channel flow. J. Fluid Mech. 56, 559.Google Scholar
Eckelman, L. D., Fortuna, G. & Hanratty, T. J. 1972 Drag reduction and the wavelength of flow-oriented wall eddies. Nature, Lond. 236, 94.Google Scholar
Grass, A. J. 1971 Structural features of turbulent flow over smooth and rough boundaries. J. Fluid Mech. 50, 233.Google Scholar
Kim, H. T., Kline, S. J. & Reynolds, W. C. 1971 The production of turbulence near a smooth wall in a turbulent boundary layer. J. Fluid Mech. 50, 133.Google Scholar
Kline, S. J., Reynolds, W. C., Schraub, F. A. & Runstadler, P. W. 1967 The structure of turbulent boundary layers. J. Fluid Mech. 30, 741.Google Scholar
Luchik, T. S. & Tiederman, W. G. 1984 Bursting rates in channel flows and drag-reducing channel flows. In Symposium on Turbulence, 1983 (ed. X. B. Reed, G. K. Patterson & J. L. Zakin), p. 15 University of Missouri-Rolla.
Mccomb, W. D. & Rabie, L. H. 1979 Development of local turbulent drag reduction due to nonuniform polymer concentration. Phys. Fluids 22, 1983.Google Scholar
Mccomb, W. D. & Rabie, L. H. 1982 Local drag reduction due to injection of polymer solutions into turbulent flow in a pipe. Part I: Dependence on local polymer concentration; Part II: Laser-Doppler measurements of turbulent structure. AIChE J. 28, 547.Google Scholar
Offen, G. R. & Kline, S. J. 1975 A comparison and analysis of detection methods for the measurement of production in a boundary layer. In Proc. 3rd Biennial Symp. on Turbulence in Liquids (ed. G. K. Patterson & J. L. Zakin), p. 289 University of Missouri-Rolla.
Oldaker, D. K. & Tiederman, W. G. 1977 Spatial structure of the viscous sublayer in drag-reducing channel flows. Phys. Fluids 20, S133.Google Scholar
Smith, C. R. & Metzler, S. P. 1983 The characteristics of low-speed streaks in the near-wall region of a turbulent boundary layer. J. Fluid Mech. 129, 27.Google Scholar
Tiederman, W. G., Smith, A. J. & Oldaker, D. K. 1977 Structure of the viscous sublayer in drag-reducing channel flows. Turbulence in Liquids 1975 (ed. J. L. Zakin & G. K. Patterson), p. 312. Princeton: Science Press.
Wells, C. S. & Spangler, J. G. 1967 Injection of a drag-reducing fluid into turbulent pipe flow of Newtonian fluid. Phys. Fluids. 10, 1890.Google Scholar
Willmarth, W. W. 1975 Structure of turbulence in boundary layers. Advances in Applied Mechanics, vol. 15, p. 159. Academic.
Wu, J. & Tulin, M. P. 1972 Drag reduction by ejecting additive solutions into pure-water boundary layer. Trans ASME D: Basic Engng 94, 749.Google Scholar