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Measurements of vortex pair interaction with a clean or contaminated free surface

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 April 2006

A. Hirsa  and
W. W. Willmarth
A. Hirsa
Affiliation:
Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA Present address: Rensselaer Polytechnic Inst., Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aeronautical Engineering and Mechanics, Troy, NY 12180, USA.
W. W. Willmarth
Affiliation:
Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Abstract

Laminar vortex pairs with small Froude number were generated by a submerged delta wing at negative angle of attack or by a pair of vertically oriented, counter-rotating flaps. The vortex pairs thus generated rise and interact with the free surface. The surface and subsurface flow field was studied using flow visualization and particle image velocimetry. Initial surface deformations, striations, are shown to be caused by stretching and interaction of cross-stream vortices near the surface. With small amounts of surface contamination, contamination fronts (producing Reynolds ridges) form on the surface and secondary vorticity, generated beneath the surface beyond the fronts, rolls up to form vortices with opposite rotation outboard of the primary vortices. The circulation associated with the secondary vortices is as much as 1/3 that of the primary vortices. The secondary vortices cause the primary vortex pair to rebound from the surface. Slight surface deformations, scars, are caused by the primary and secondary vortices.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 259 , 25 January 1994 , pp. 25 - 45
Copyright
© 1994 Cambridge University Press

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