Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jkksz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T08:02:30.906Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Capital Budgeting for Interrelated Projects: A Real Options Approach

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

Paul D. Childs
Affiliation:
University of Kentucky, Gatton College of Business and Economics, Lexington, KY 40506
Steven H. Ott
Affiliation:
University of Kentucky, Gatton College of Business and Economics, Lexington, KY 40506
Alexander J. Triantis
Affiliation:
University of Maryland at College Park, College of Business and Management, Van Munching Hall, College Park, MD 20742.

Abstract

This paper explores the effect of project interrelationships on investment decisions and project values in a real options framework. We examine in detail the mutually exclusive case where a firm may invest in the development stage of two projects and then may select only a single project to implement. The firm can develop the projects in parallel or in sequence. The choice of development policy depends on the relative values of the embedded options for each strategy. Sequential development is shown to be superior to parallel development when projects have highly correlated values, and when they require a large commitment of capital for development, are short term in nature, and have relatively low volatility. We also show that the optimal ordering of sequential projects does not always begin with the most profitable project.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © School of Business Administration, University of Washington 1998

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bar-Ilan, A., and Strange, W. C.. “Urban Development with Lags”. Journal of Urban Economics, 39 (1996), 87113.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beidleman, C. R.; Fletcher, D.; and Veshosky, D.. “On Allocating Risk”. Sloan Management Review, 47 (1990), 47–55.Google Scholar
Bierman, H., and Smidt, S.. The Capital Budgeting Decision. London, England: MacMillan Publishing Co. (1988).Google Scholar
Brealey, R. A., and Myers, S. C.. Principles of Corporate Finance, Fifth ed.New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, Inc. (1996).Google Scholar
Brennan, M. J.The Pricing of Contingent Claims in Discrete Time Models”. Journal of Finance, 34 (1979), 5368.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brennan, M. J.Presidential Address: Latent Assets”. Journal of Finance, 45 (1990), 709730.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brennan, M. J., and Schwartz, E. S.. “Evaluating Natural Resource Investments”. Journal of Business, 58 (1985), 135157.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bruner, R. F. “Empirical Chemicals, Ltd. (B): Merseyside and Rotterdam Projects”. In Case Studies in Finance: Managing for Corporate Value Creation, Second ed., Bruner, R. F., ed. Chicago, IL: Irwin (1994), 258–263.Google Scholar
Carr, P.The Valuation of Sequential Exchange Opportunities”. Journal of Finance, 43 (1988), 12351256.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Childs, P. D. Capital Budgeting for Interrelated Projects in a Real Options Framework. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Wisconsin-Madison (1995).Google Scholar
Dixit, A. K.Entry and Exit Decisions under Uncertainty”. Journal of Political Economy, 97 (1989), 620638.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dixit, A. K.Choosing among Alternative Discrete Investment Projects under Uncertainty”. Economics Letters, 41 (1993), 265268.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dixit, A. K., and Pindyck, R. S.. Investment under Uncertainty. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press (1994).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Duffie, D., and Richardson, H. R.. “Mean-Variance Hedging in Continuous Time”. Annals of Applied Probability, 1 (1991), 115.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elliott, R. J., and Madan, D. B.. “A Discrete Time Equivalent Martingale Measure”. Mathematical Finance, 8 (1998), 127152.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gallini, N., and Kotowitz, Y.. “Optimal R&D Processes and Competition”. Economica, 52 (1985), 321334.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gittins, J. C.Multi-Armed Bandit Allocation Indices. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons (1989).Google Scholar
Grenadier, S. R., and Weiss, A. M.. “Investment in Technological Innovations: An Option Pricing Approach”. Journal of Financial Economics, 44 (1997), 397416.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kulatilaka, N. “Operating Flexibilities in Capital Budgeting: Substitutability and Complementarity in Real Options”. In Real Options in Capital Investment: Models, Strategies, and Applications, Trigeorgis, L., ed. New York, NY: Praeger (1995), 121132.Google Scholar
Mauer, D., and Ott, S. H.. “Investment under Uncertainty: The Case of Replacement Investment Decisions”. Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 30 (1995), 581605.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McDonald, R., and Siegel, D. R.. “Investment and the Valuation of Firms when There is an Option to Shut Down”. International Economic Review, 26 (1985), 331349.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McDonald, R., and Siegel, D. R.. “The Value of Waiting to Invest”. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 101 (1986), 707728.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ott, S. H. Valuing and Timing R&D Using a Real Options Pricing Framework. Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison (1992).Google Scholar
Pindyck, R. S.Irreversible Investment, Capacity Choice, and the Value of the Firm”. American Economic Review, 79 (1988), 969985.Google Scholar
Pindyck, R. S.Irreversibility, Uncertainty, and Investment”. Journal of Economic Literature, 29 (1991), 11101148.Google Scholar
Ross, S. A., Westerfield, R. W., and Jordan, B. D.. Fundamentals of Corporate Finance, Third ed.Chicago, IL: Irwin (1995).Google Scholar
Rubinstein, M. E.The Valuation of Uncertain Income Streams and the Pricing of Options”. Bell Journal of Economics, 7 (1976), 407425.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rubinstein, M. E.Presidential Address: Implied Binomial Trees”. Journal of Finance, 49 (1994), 771818.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sick, G. “Real Options”. In Finance, Volume 9 of Handbooks in Operations Research and Management Science, Jarrow, R. A., Maksimovic, V., and Ziemba, W. eds. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: North Holland (1995), 631691.Google Scholar
Smith, P. G., and Reinertsen, V. G.. Developing Products in Half the Time. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold (1995).Google Scholar
JrStalk, G., and Hout, T. M.. Competing against Time: How Time-Based Competition is Reshaping Global Markets. New York, NY: The Free Press (1990).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Symonds, W. C., and Matlack, C.. “Gillette's Edge”. Business Week (01 19, 1998), 7077.Google Scholar
Triantis, A. J., and Hodder, J.. “Valuing Flexibility as a Complex Option”. Journal of Finance, 45 (1990), 549565.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trigeorgis, L.The Nature of Option Interactions and the Valuation of Investments with Multiple Real Options”. Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 28 (1993), 120.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trigeorgis, L.Real Options: Managerial Flexibility and Strategy in Resource Allocation. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press (1996).Google Scholar
Vishwanath, T.Optimal Orderings for Parallel Project Selection”. International Economic Review, 33 (1992), 7989.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weitzman, M. L.Optimal Search for the Best Alternative”. Econometrica, 47 (1979), 641654.CrossRefGoogle Scholar