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Weizsäcker, the Vatican, and the Jews of Rome

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 March 2011

Owen Chadwick
Owen Chadwick
Affiliation:
Regius Professor of Modern History and Master of Selwyn College, Cambridge
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Type
Review Article
Information
The Journal of Ecclesiastical History , Volume 28 , Issue 2 , April 1977 , pp. 179 - 199
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1977

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References

page 179 note 1 Actes el Documents du Saint Siège relatifs à la seconde guerre mondiale, 9: Le Saint Siège et les victimes de la guerre, janvier-décembre 1943. Edited by Pierre Blet and others. Pp. xxviii + 690. Vatican City: Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 1975. n. p.

page 182 note 1 His official report of 5 July to Berlin (Friedländer, Pie XII et le IIIe Reich, 169–70) had a different tone.

page 187 note 1 Kessel's evidence, in Summa Injuria: oder durfte der Papst sckweigen? (1963), 168–9; and for further treatment of Kessel, see Katz, R., Black Sabbath, London 1969, 27 ff.Google Scholar; a book with the vividness derived from consulting participants, but also with the measure of unreliability inevitable in relying on such later testimony; for Kessel's evidence to the Nuremberg War Crimes tribunal see Ministries case, iii, 408 (Harvard Law Library).

page 187 note 2 Foà's Relazione, in Felice, R. de, Storia degli ebrei italiani sotto il fascismo, 2nd ed., 1972, 455.Google Scholar

page 188 note 1 The surplus was given after the war to the new State of Israel: Felice, op. cit., 456.

page 190 note 1 Her evidence is described in Graham's article, ‘La strana condotta di E. von Weizsäcker ambasciatore del Reich in Vatican’, Civ. Cattolica, 1970, 455–471.Google Scholar

page 191 note 1 For Gumpert's unpublished evidence, see Nuremberg War Crimes Trial, Weizsäcker case, Document Book IV, no. 319 (214)—evidence given 2 April 1948; in the Library of the Harvard Law School.

page 194 note 1 The Italian Commissioner for the government of Rome went round to see General Stahel on the same matter and soon understood that Stahel had no control over the razzia. Stahel put him in touch with one of the German police, who gave him no hope: Actes et Documents, ix, no. 405.

page 198 note 1 He also gave evidence in favour of Weizsäcker at Nuremberg; Cf. War Crimes Tribunal IV, Case 11, Document-Book IV, no. 325 (57) in Harvard Law Library: ‘our rescue work was greatly facilitated by the intervention of Herr von Weizsäcker, who undoubtedly knew that the institutions of Rome were packed with Jews’.

page 199 note 1 Nuremberg War Crimes, Tribunal IV, Case 11, Document Book IV, No. 319 (241), p. 119.