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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 25 March 2011
In the late twenties and the thirties of the nineteenth century, the failure of the Anglican Church to provide adequate pastoral superintendence became glaringly obvious. There were too few churches and clergymen in the new industrial and urban areas, and even in the rural districts poverty restricted the usefulness of many of the clergy. The Commission of Inquiry appointed by Grey in 1831 reported that the average annual income of each living was £278.
page 184 note 1 Popularly known as the Church Revenues Commission.
page 184 note 2 W. L. Mathieson, English Church Reform, 112–3.
page 184 note 3 E. Burton, Thoughts upon the Demand for Church Reform, 25–7.
page 184 note 4 British Critic (Third Series), xi. 230–1.
page 184 note 5 For the argument that Blomfield and Henley were intimate and that Henley supplied Blomfield with many of his ideas on Church Reform see J. T. Middaugh, The Reform of the Church of England, 1830–1841, 265–9.
page 184 note 6 Christian Remembrancer, xiv (December 1832), 735–6.
page 184 note 7 A. P. Perceval, A Letter to Lord Henley, 4.
page 185 note 1 C.J. Blomfield, The Charge of 1834, 17.
page 185 note 2 Ibid., 23.
page 185 note 3 Ibid., 24.
page 185 note 4 Gentleman's Magazine (New Series), vi. 451–62, 563–77; Quarterly Review, lviii. 196–254.
page 185 note 5 W. R. Lyall, Sentiments of the Clergy on the Question of Church Reform, briefly stated in a Charge … to the Archdeaconry of Colchester, 13.
page 185 note 6 For an excellent summary of these protests, see C. K. Francis Brown, A History of the English Clergy, 1800–1900, 55–60.
page 186 note 1 S. Smith, Collected Works, iii. 342–3.
page 186 note 2 Ibid., 387.
page 186 note 3 Ibid., 312–5.
page 186 note 4 C. Thorp, A Charge to the Archdeaconry of Durham, 1838, 6–7.
page 186 note 5 S. Smith, Collected Works, iii. 378.
page 186 note 6 W. L. Mathieson, op. cit., 172, note i.
page 187 note 1 See Selwyn's letters to Gladstone: 20 February 1839 (B.M. Add. MS. 44356, fol. 196); 16 March 1839 (B.M. Add. MS. 44356, fol. 219).
page 187 note 2 B.M. Add. MS. 44357, fol. 82: Selwyn to Gladstone, 4 March 1840.
page 187 note 3 B.M. Add. MS. 44355, fol. 178: Selwyn to Gladstone, 31 January 1837.
page 187 note 4 B.M. Add. MS. 44357, fol. 94: Selwyn to Gladstone, 14 March 1840.
page 187 note 5 B.M. Add. MS. 44356, fol. 55: Selwyn to Gladstone, 20 April 1838.
page 187 note 6 B.M. Add. MS. 44356, fol. 189: Selwyn to Gladstone, 13 February 1839.
page 187 note 7 B.M. Add. MS. 44355, fol. 178: Selwyn to Gladstone, 31 January 1837.
page 187 note 8 B.M. Add. MS. 44355, fol. 209: Blakesley to Gladstone, 24 March 1837.
page 188 note 1 B.M. Add. MS. 44355, fol. 197: Blakesley to Gladstone, 18 February 1837.
page 188 note 2 S. Smith, Collected Works, iii. 360.
page 188 note 3 E. B. Pusey, Remarks on the Prospective and Past Benefits of Cathedral Institutions, 73.
page 188 note 4 D. C. Lathbury, The Correspondence on Church and Religion of W. E. Gladstone, i. 46.
page 188 note 5 H. Phillpotts, Correspondence between the … Bishop of Exeter and Members of the Commission of Ecclesiastical Inquiry, 18–9.
page 188 note 6 H. Phillpotts, A Charge … to the Clergy of … Exeter … in 1836, 29.
page 188 note 7 H. Philipps, Remarks on a Bill now before Parliament … in a Letter to the … Bishop of London, 5.
page 188 note 8 J. H. Monk, A Charge delivered … in … 1838, 24–7.
page 188 note 9 H. O. 44/32: Maltby to Russell, 2 July 1839.
page 188 note 10 E. Copleston, The Charge of 1833, 17.
page 189 note 1 R. Bagot, A Charge … to the Clergy of … Oxford, 1838, 9.
page 189 note 2 E. Denison, A Charge … to the Clergy of … Salisbury, 1839, 15.
page 189 note 3 C. R. Sumner, A Charge … to the Clergy of … Winchester, 1837, 15–7.
page 189 note 4 Ibid., 17–8.
page 189 note 5 H. Phillpotts, A Charge … to the Clergy of … Exeter, 1833.
page 189 note 6 Ibid., 29.
page 189 note 7 J. Kaye, A Charge … to the Clergy of … Lincoln, 1834, 31.
page 189 note 8 British Critic (Third Series), xiii. (January 1833), 217–9.
page 190 note 1 B.M. Add. MS. 44356, fol. 247: Blakesley to Gladstone, 23 April 1839.
page 190 note 2 J. H. Monk, A Charge … to the Clergy of … Gloucester and Bristol, 1838, 16.
page 190 note 3 Ibid., 17.
page 190 note 4 Ibid., 13–4.
page 190 note 5 Ibid., 14.
page 190 note 6 Ibid., 14–5.
page 190 note 7 J. Kaye, A Letter to … the Archbishop of Canterbury on the Recommendations of the Ecclesiastical Commission, 3–4.
page 190 note 8 Ibid., 9.
page 190 note 9 Ibid., 21.
page 190 note 10 Ibid., 23–4.
page 190 note 11 Ibid., 24–5.
page 191 note 1 Ibid., 26–8.
page 191 note 2 Ibid., 26.
page 191 note 3 B.M. Add. MS. 44356, fol. 154: Selwyn to Gladstone, 24 December 1838.
page 191 note 4 A Dignitary of the Church, A Letter to the Bishop of Exeter, 45.
page 191 note 5 Ibid., 46.
page 191 note 6 S. Smith, Collected Works, iii. 393.
page 191 note 7 Ibid., 311–2.
page 191 note 8 B.M. Add. MS. 44356, fol. 189: Selwyn to Gladstone, 13 February 1839.
page 191 note 9 C. J. Blomfield, The Charge of 1838, 31.
page 191 note 10 Ibid., 35–6.
page 191 note 11 Ibid., 35.
page 191 note 12 Ibid., 41.
page 191 note 13 Ibid., 43.
page 191 note 14 Ibid., 44–5.
page 191 note 15 Ibid., 42–3.
page 192 note 1 Ibid., 41.
page 192 note 2 R. Peel, Memoirs, ii. 81.
page 192 note 3 He told Howley that he considered that three or four churchmen other than bishops should have been asked to serve on it. Howley himself was quite willing to accede to Peel's suggestion, but Blomfield and Kaye were not, because any selection which did not produce an impossibly unwieldy commission would be invidious. See the following letters: B.M. Add. MS. 40418, fol. 14: Peel to Howley, 22 March 1835; B.M. Add. MS. 40418, fol. 24: Howley to Peel, 23 March 1835; B.M. Add. MS. 40418, fol. 83: Howley to Peel, 25 March 1835.
page 192 note 4 B.M. Add. MS. 40417, fol. 270: Peel to Howley, 19 March 1835.
page 192 note 5 C. S. Parker, Sir Robert Peel, ii. 285.
page 192 note 6 ‘A tyrant to us poor churchmen’: Blakesley to Gladstone, 23 April 1839. (B.M. Add. MS. 44356, fol. 247.)
page 193 note 1 B.M. Add. MS. 44163, fol. 1: Graham to Gladstone, 15 December 1837.
page 193 note 2 E.g., some cathedrals, such as Ely, Durham and Canterbury, were to have six canons instead of four.
page 193 note 3 The Ecclesiastical Commissioners Bill, 1840. See Sir R. Burrows (Editor in Chief), Halsbury's Statutes of the Laws of England, Second Edition, vii. 1024–50. See also pp. 1051–62 for the Ecclesiastical Commissioners Act of 1841, which supplemented the previous legislation.
page 193 note 4 Hansard (Third Series), liii, Columns 592–7.
page 193 note 5 Hansard (Third Series), liii. 603–4.
page 193 note 6 Hansard (Third Series), lv. 994–1007.
page 193 note 7 Ibid., 982–90.
page 193 note 8 Ibid., 1021–3.
page 193 note 9 Ibid., 989–94.
page 194 note 1 Ibid., 1128.
page 194 note 2 Exeter Cathedral Library, Spencer MS.: Blomfield to Phillpotts, 8 April 1839.
page 194 note 3 H. Phillpotts, A Charge … to the Clergy of … Exeter … in 1836, 32.
page 194 note 4 Ibid., 28.
page 194 note 5 B.M. Add. MS. 40411, fol. 165: Phillpotts to Peel, 24 January 1835.
page 194 note 6 I.e. Sydney Smith.
page 195 note 1 Hansard (Third Series), lv. columns 1133–55. Blomfield delivered this speech on the motion that the House should go into committee on the bill.
page 195 note 2 W. L. Mathieson, op. cit., 150–1.
page 195 note 3 Hansard (Third Series), lv. column 1361.
page 195 note 4 B.M. Add. MS. 44357, fol. 155: Selwyn to Gladstone, 4 August 1840.
page 195 note 5 The Times, 28 July 1840.