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Multigenerational effects of chronic maternal exposure to a high sugar/fat diet and physical training

Part of: DOHaD on International Women's Day 2020

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 September 2019

Marcella Martins Terra Open the ORCID record for Marcella Martins Terra [Opens in a new window] ,
Tamiris Schaeffer Fontoura ,
Audryo Oliveira Nogueira ,
Jéssica Ferraz Lopes ,
Paulo Cézar de Freitas Mathias ,
Ana Eliza Andreazzi ,
Martha de Oliveira Guerra  and
Vera Maria Peters
Marcella Martins Terra*
Affiliation:
Reproductive Biology Center, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
Tamiris Schaeffer Fontoura
Affiliation:
Reproductive Biology Center, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
Audryo Oliveira Nogueira
Affiliation:
Reproductive Biology Center, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
Jéssica Ferraz Lopes
Affiliation:
Reproductive Biology Center, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
Paulo Cézar de Freitas Mathias
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
Ana Eliza Andreazzi
Affiliation:
Reproductive Biology Center, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
Martha de Oliveira Guerra
Affiliation:
Reproductive Biology Center, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
Vera Maria Peters
Affiliation:
Reproductive Biology Center, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
*
Address for correspondence: Marcella Martins Terra, Reproductive Biology Center’s – CBR/Federal University of Juiz de Fora – UFJF, Endereço: Rua José Lourenço Kelmer, s/n, Campus Universitário Bairro, São Pedro. CEP: 36036-000, Brazil. Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Pregnant individuals who overeat are more likely to predispose their fetus to the development of metabolic disorders in adulthood. Physical training is a prevention and treatment interventional strategy that could treat these disorders, since it improves metabolism and body composition. This study assessed the protective effect of physical exercise against possible metabolic changes in generations F1 and F2, whose mothers were subjected to a high-sugar/high-fat (HS/HF) diet. Wistar rats belonging to generation F0 were distributed into four groups (n = 10): sedentary control (CSed), exercised control (CExe), sedentary HS/HF diet (DHSed) and exercised HS/HF diet (DHExe). From 21 to 120 days of age, maintained during pregnancy and lactation period, CSed/CExe animals received standard feed and DHSed/DHExe animals a HS/HF diet. Animals from the CExe/DHExe underwent physical training from 21 to 120 days of age. Male and female F1 and F2 received a normocaloric feed and did not perform any physical training, categorized into four groups (n = 10) according to the maternal group to which they belonged to. An increase in body weight, adiposity and glucose, and a change in lipid profile in F0 were observed, while exercise reduced the biochemical parameters comparing DHSed with DHExe. Maternal exercise had an effect on future generations, reducing adiposity, glucose and triglyceride concentrations, and preventing deleterious effects on glucose tolerance. Maternal overeating increased health risks both for mother and offspring, demonstrating that an HS/HF diet intake promotes metabolic alterations in the offspring. Importantly, the physical training performed by F0 proved to be protective against such effects.

Keywords

ObesityMultigenerational obesitymaternal overeatingoffspringphysical training
Type
Original Article
Information
Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease , Volume 11 , Issue 2 , April 2020 , pp. 159 - 167
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press and the International Society for Developmental Origins of Health and Disease 2019

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