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Metabolic and behavioural effects in offspring exposed to maternal sucrose consumption: a systematic review and meta-analysis of data from rodent models

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 September 2020

H. L. Morahan Open the ORCID record for H. L. Morahan [Opens in a new window] ,
C. H. C. Leenaars ,
R. A. Boakes  and
K. B. Rooney
H. L. Morahan
Affiliation:
Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
C. H. C. Leenaars
Affiliation:
Utrecht University, RadboudUMC & Hannover Medical School, Utrecht, The Netherlands
R. A. Boakes
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
K. B. Rooney*
Affiliation:
Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
*
Address for correspondence: Kieron Rooney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Lidcombe, New South Wales2141, Australia. Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) during pregnancy has been associated with childhood obesity. Research in which rodent dams have been given high-fat/high-sugar diets has consistently found metabolic alterations in their offspring. However, what remains unclear is the potential impact on the developing fetus of giving sugar in isolation at concentrations similar to SSBs to the mothers. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis (Protocol No: 127115 on Prospero) to identify potential relationships between maternal sucrose consumption and metabolic outcomes in offspring of rodent (rat or mouse) models. We analysed studies that provided rodent mothers dams with access to sucrose solutions (8–20% w/v) prior to conception, during pregnancy and/or lactation and that reported offspring outcomes of body weight (BW), body composition and glycaemic control. Following a systematic search of four databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Scopus) performed on 15 January 2019, maternal and offspring data from 15 papers were identified for inclusion. Only rat studies were identified. Meta-analyses were performed on standardised mean differences for maternal and offspring BW and fasting glucose levels, with subgroup analyses of strain, sucrose concentration, exposure period and sex of offspring. A bias towards the inclusion of only data from male offspring was identified and this limited interpretation of potential sexually dimorphic outcomes. Maternal sucrose exposure was associated with an increased risk of obesity and poor glucose disposal in adult and aged offspring.

Keywords

Sucrosesugar-sweetened beveragespregnancyrodent offspringmetabolismobesity
Type
Original Article
Information
Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease , Volume 12 , Issue 4 , August 2021 , pp. 603 - 618
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press in association with International Society for Developmental Origins of Health and Disease

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