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Maternal exercise during pregnancy modulates mitochondrial function and redox status in a sex-dependent way in adult offspring’s skeletal muscle

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 May 2021

R.M. Hözer Open the ORCID record for R.M. Hözer [Opens in a new window] ,
B.G. dos Santos Open the ORCID record for B.G. dos Santos [Opens in a new window] ,
P.M. August ,
K.S. Rodrigues ,
R.M. Maurmann ,
E.B. Flores  and
C. Matté Open the ORCID record for C. Matté [Opens in a new window]
R.M. Hözer
Affiliation:
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas – Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
B.G. dos Santos
Affiliation:
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas – Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
P.M. August
Affiliation:
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas – Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
K.S. Rodrigues
Affiliation:
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas – Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
R.M. Maurmann
Affiliation:
Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
E.B. Flores
Affiliation:
Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
C. Matté*
Affiliation:
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas – Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas – Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
*
Address for correspondence: C. Matté, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas – Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Maternal exercise has shown beneficial effects on mother and child. Literature confirm progeny’s cognition improvement, and upregulation in neurotrophins, antioxidant network, and DNA repair system. Considering that there is a lack of information demonstrating the impact of maternal exercise on offspring’s skeletal muscle, we aimed to investigate the mitochondrial and redox effects elicited by maternal swimming. Adult female Wistar rats were divided into three groups: control sedentary, free swimming, and swimming with overload (2% of the body weight). Exercised groups were submitted weekly to five swimming sessions (30 min/day), starting 1 week prior to the mating and lasting to the delivery. Gastrocnemius and soleus muscle from 60-day-old offspring were analyzed. Our results clearly showed a sex-dependent effect. Male soleus showed increased mitochondrial functionality in the overload group. Female muscle from the overload group adapted deeply. Considering the redox status, the female offspring delivered to overload exercised dams presented reduced oxidants levels and protein damage, allied to downregulated antioxidant defenses. We also observed an increase in the mitochondrial function in the gastrocnemius muscle of the female offspring born from overload exercised dams. Soleus from female delivered to the overload exercise group presented reduced mitochondrial activity, as well as reduced reactive species, protein carbonyls, and antioxidant network, when compared to the male. In conclusion, maternal exercise altered the redox status and mitochondrial function in the offspring’s skeletal muscle in a sex-dependent way. The clinical implication was not investigated; however, the sexual dimorphism in response to maternal exercise might impact exercise resilience in adulthood.

Keywords

Maternal exercisesexual dimorphismskeletal musclemitochondriaredox statusantioxidant
Type
Original Article
Information
Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease , Volume 13 , Issue 2 , April 2022 , pp. 204 - 211
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press in association with International Society for Developmental Origins of Health and Disease

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