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The association between gestational age and otitis media during childhood: a population-based cohort analysis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 September 2018

Majdi Imterat Open the ORCID record for Majdi Imterat [Opens in a new window] ,
Tamar Wainstock ,
Jacob Moran-Gilad ,
Eyal Sheiner  and
Asnat Walfisch
Majdi Imterat*
Affiliation:
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
Tamar Wainstock
Affiliation:
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
Jacob Moran-Gilad
Affiliation:
Department of Health Systems Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
Eyal Sheiner
Affiliation:
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
Asnat Walfisch
Affiliation:
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
*
Address for correspondence: M. Imterat, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84101, Israel. E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Otitis media (OM) carries a tremendous global health burden and potentially severe long-term consequences. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of birth at different gestational ages on the incidence of childhood OM.

A population-based cohort analysis was conducted. All singleton deliveries occurring between 1991 and 2014 at a regional tertiary medical center were included. Gestational age on delivery was divided into six subgroups: early (<34 weeks gestation; 0 out of 7) and late (34 weeks gestation; 0 out of 7 to 36 weeks gestation; 6 out of 7) preterm, and early (37 weeks gestation; 0 out of 7 to 38 weeks gestation; 6 out of 7), full (39 weeks gestation; 0 out of 7 to 40 weeks gestation; 6 out of 7), late (41 weeks gestation; 0 out of 7 to 41 weeks gestation; 6 out of 7) and post (⩾42 weeks 0 out of 7) term deliveries. Rates of OM-related hospitalizations up to 18 years of age were assessed. Weibull parametric hazards model was used to study the association between gestational age at birth and the risk for OM-related hospitalizations while controlling for potential confounders.

During the study period, 238,622 deliveries met the inclusion criteria. OM-related hospitalizations of the offspring (n=4724) were significantly more common in the preterm (early 3.6%, late 2.4%) and early-term born children (2.2%) and decreased gradually across the full (1.9%), late (1.7%) and post (1.6%) term groups (χ2-test for trends P<0.001). In the Weibull regression model, early preterm, as well as early-term deliveries exhibited an independent association with pediatric OM (adjusted hazard ratios: 1.67 and 1.09, respectively, P<0.02).

Deliveries occurring at preterm and early term are associated with higher rates of pediatric OM-related hospitalizations, which decrease gradually as gestational age advances.

Keywords

follow-upinfectionoffspringpediatric morbiditypregnancy
Type
Original Article
Information
Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease , Volume 10 , Issue 2 , April 2019 , pp. 214 - 220
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press and the International Society for Developmental Origins of Health and Disease 2018. 

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