Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-fscjk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-28T04:34:17.421Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

INTRAHOUSEHOLD DISTRIBUTION IN MIGRANT-SENDING FAMILIES

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 March 2018

Lucia Mangiavacchi Open the ORCID record for Lucia Mangiavacchi [Opens in a new window] ,
Federico Perali  and
Luca Piccoli
Lucia Mangiavacchi*
Affiliation:
University of the Balearic Islands and IZA
Federico Perali
Affiliation:
University of Verona
Luca Piccoli
Affiliation:
University of the Balearic Islands and IZA
*
Address correspondence to: Lucia Mangiavacchi, Department of Applied Economics, University of Balearic Islands, Cra de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain; e-mail: [email protected].
Get access

Abstract:

This paper studies the distribution of resources within families with migrant member abroad. We derive a complete collective demand system with individual Engel effects for male and female adults and children, and the respective share of resources. The focus is on migrant-sending families in Albania, where gender and inter-generational inequalities are relevant social issues. The results show that the female share of resources is substantially lower with respect to an equal distribution and do not benefit from father’s migration. Children have a larger share of resources and benefit from their fathers migration, when women maintain control over family decisions and when the proportion of female children is larger (at the detriment of women).

Keywords

Intrahousehold distributioncollective demand systemsharing ruleinternational migrationleft behindAlbaniaD13H31I32O15
Type
Research Papers
Information
Journal of Demographic Economics , Volume 84 , Special Issue 1: Gender, Family and Development , March 2018 , pp. 107 - 148
Copyright
Copyright © Université catholique de Louvain 2018 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

We are grateful for useful comments and suggestions received from two anonymous reviewers, Orazio Attanasio, Arnab K. Basu, Eliane El Badaoui, Jean-Paul Chavas, Gianna Claudia Giannelli, Costas Meghir, Martina Menon, Agnes Quisumbing, Michèle Tertilt, and Marcella Veronesi. We would also like to thank participants in The Alpine Population Conference 2016 in Villars-sur-Ollon, the UNU-WIDER “Gender and Development: Workshop” in Namur, in the workshop “Advances in Family Economics and Applications to Developing Countries” in Paris, in the “Inequalities in Children’s Outcomes in Developing Countries” Conference in Oxford, in the “Conference on the Economics of the Family in honor of Gary Becker” in Paris, in the “Conference in memoriam of Etta Chiuri” in Bari, in the “Forth meeting of the ECINEQ society” in Catania, in the 38th Symposium of the Spanish Economic Association in Santander and in a seminar at ISER (University of Essex). This work has benefited from funding of the Spanish Ministry of Economics (grant number ECO2015-63727-R).

References

REFERENCES

Alam, S. (2012) The effect of gender-based returns to borrowing on intra-household resource allocation in rural Bangladesh. World Development 40 (6), 1164–1180.Google Scholar
Alderman, H., Chiappori, P., Haddad, L., Hoddinott, J, and Kanbur, R. (1995) Unitary versus collective models of the household: Is it time to shift the burden of proof? The World Bank Research Observer 10 (1), 1.Google Scholar
Amemiya, T. (1985) Advanced Econometrics. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Amuedo-Dorantes, C. and Pozo, S. (2006) Migration, remittances, and male and female employment patterns. The American Economic Review 96 (2), 222–226.Google Scholar
Antman, F. M. (2010) Adult child migration and the health of elderly parents left behind in Mexico. The American Economic Review 100 (2), 205–208.Google Scholar
Antman, F. M. (2011) The intergenerational effects of paternal migration on schooling and work: What can we learn from children’s time allocations? Journal of Development Economics 96 (2), 200–208.Google Scholar
Antman, F. M. (2012) Gender, educational attainment, and the impact of parental migration on children left behind. Journal of Population Economics 25 (4), 1187–1214.Google Scholar
Antman, F. M. (2015) Gender discrimination in the allocation of migrant household resources. Journal of Population Economics 28 (3), 565–592.Google Scholar
Arias, C., Atella, V., Castagnini, R., and Perali, F. (2004) Estimation of the sharing rule between adults and children and related equivalence scales within a collective consumption framework. In Dagum, C. and Ferrari, C. (eds.), Household Behaviour, Equivalence Scales, Welfare and Poverty, pp. 129–161. Contributions to Statistics, Physica-Verlag.Google Scholar
Atella, V., Menon, M., and Perali, F. (2004) Estimation of unit values in cross sections without quantity information. In Ferrari, G. and Dagum, C. (eds.), Household Behavior, Equivalence Scales, Welfare and Poverty, Contributions to Statistics. Physica-Verlag.Google Scholar
Attanasio, O. P. and Lechene, V. (2014) Efficient responses to targeted cash transfers. Journal of Political Economy 122 (1), 178–222.Google Scholar
Banks, J., Blundell, R., and Lewbel, A. (1997) Quadratic Engel curves and consumer demand. The Review of Economics and Statistics 79 (4), 527–39.Google Scholar
Bargain, O., Donni, O., and Kwenda, P. (2014) Intrahousehold distribution and poverty: Evidence from Cote d’Ivoire. Journal of Development Economics 107 (0), 262–276.Google Scholar
Barten, A. P. (1964) Family composition, prices and expenditure patterns. In Hart, P., Mills, G., and Whitaker, J. K. (eds.), Econometric analysis for national economic planning: 16th symposium of the Colston Society. Butterworth.Google Scholar
Basu, K. (2006) Gender and say: A model of household behaviour with endogenously determined balance of power. The Economic Journal 116 (511), 558–580.Google Scholar
Basu, K. and Van, P. H. (1998) The economics of child labor. The American Economic Review 88 (3), 412–27.Google Scholar
Blundell, R., Chiappori, P. A., and Meghir, C. (2005) Collective labor supply with children. Journal of political Economy 113 (6), 1277–1306.Google Scholar
Bobonis, G. J. (2009) Is the allocation of resources within the household efficient? New evidence from a randomized experiment. Journal of Political Economy 117 (3), 453–503.Google Scholar
Bourguignon, F. (1999) The cost of children: May the collective approach to household behavior help? Journal of Population Economics 12, 503–521.Google Scholar
Browning, M., Bourguignon, F., Chiappori, P., and Lechene, V. (1994) Income and outcomes: A structural model of intrahousehold allocation. Journal of Political Economy 102 (6), 1067–1096.Google Scholar
Browning, M., Chiappori, P., and Lewbel, A. (2013) Estimating consumption economies of scale, adult equivalence scales, and household bargaining power. Review of Economic Studies, doi: 10.1093/restud/rdt019.Google Scholar
Caiumi, A. and Perali, F. (2014) Who bears the full costs of children? Empirical Economics 49 (1), 1–32.Google Scholar
Cameron, A. C. and Trivedi, P. K. (2005) Microeconometrics: Methods and Applications. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Cattaneo, C. (2012) Migrants’ international transfers and educational expenditure. Economics of Transition 20 (1), 163–193.Google Scholar
Chen, J. J. (2013) Identifying non-cooperative behavior among spouses: Child outcomes in migrant-sending households. Journal of Development Economics 100 (1), 1–18.Google Scholar
Cherchye, L., De Rock, B., and Vermeulen, F. (2012) Married with children: A collective labor supply model with detailed time use and intrahousehold expenditure information. The American Economic Review 102 (7), 3377–3405.Google Scholar
Chiappori, P. A. (1988) Rational household labor supply. Econometrica 56 (1), 63–90.Google Scholar
Chiappori, P. A. (1992) Collective labor supply and welfare. Journal of Political Economy 100 (3), 437–67.Google Scholar
Chiappori, P.-A. and Meghir, C. (2015) Intrahousehold Inequality, volume Handbook of Income Distribution, chapter 16, pp. 1369–1418. Oxford, UK: Elsevier.Google Scholar
Cortes, P. (2015) The feminization of international migration and its effects on the children left behind: Evidence from the Philippines. World Development 65, 62–78.Google Scholar
de Brauw, A., Gilligan, D. O., Hoddinott, J., and Roy, S. (2014) The impact of Bolsa familia on women’s decision-making power. World Development 59 (0), 487–504.Google Scholar
Duflo, E. (2000) Child health and household resources in South Africa: Evidence from the old age pension program. The American Economic Review 90 (2), 393–398.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Duflo, E. (2003) Grandmothers and granddaughters: Old-age pensions and intrahousehold allocation in South Africa. World Bank Economic Review 17 (1), 1–25.Google Scholar
Dunbar, G., Lewbel, A., and Pendakur, K. (2013) Children’s resources in collective households: Identification, estimation, and an application to child poverty in Malawi. The American Economic Review 103 (1), 438–471.Google Scholar
Giannelli, G. and Mangiavacchi, L. (2010) Children’s schooling and parental migration: Empirical evidence on the “left behind” generation in Albania. Labour 24, 76–92.Google Scholar
Gjonca, A., Aassve, A., and Mencarini, L. (2008) Trends and patterns, proximate determinants and policies of fertility change: Albania. Demographic Research 19 (11), 261–292.Google Scholar
Gorman, W. M. (1976) Tricks with utility functions. In Artis, M. J. and Nobay, A. R. (eds.), Proceedings of the 1975 AUTE Conference, Essays in Economic Analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Heckman, J. (1979) Sample selection bias as a specification error. Econometrica 47 (1), 153–161.Google Scholar
Hoderlein, S. and Mihaleva, S. (2008) Increasing the price variation in a repeated cross section. Journal of Econometrics 147 (2), 316–325.Google Scholar
Jacoby, H. G. (2002) Is there an intrahousehold flypaper effect? Evidence from a school feeding program. The Economic Journal 112 (476), 196–221.Google Scholar
King, R., Piracha, M., and Vullnetari, J. (2010) Migration and development in transition economies of Southeastern Europe. Eastern European Economics 48 (6), 3–16.Google Scholar
King, R. and Vullnetari, J. (2009) The intersections of gender and generation in Albanian migration, remittances and transnational care. Geografiska Annaler: Series B, Human Geography 91 (1), 19–38.Google Scholar
King, R. and Vullnetari, J. (2012) A population on the move: Migration and gender relations in albania. Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society 5 (2), 207–220.Google Scholar
Kusago, T. and Barham, B. L. (2001) Preference heterogeneity, power, and intrahousehold decision-making in rural Malaysia. World Development 29 (7), 1237–1256.Google Scholar
Lewbel, A. (1985) A unified approach to incorporating demograpic or other effects into demand systems. Review of Economic Studies 70 (1), 1–18.Google Scholar
Lewbel, A. (1989) Identification and estimation of equivalence scales under weak separability. Review of Economic Studies 56 (2), 311–316.Google Scholar
Lokshin, M. and Glinskaya, E. (2009) The effect of male migration on employment patterns of women in Nepal. The World Bank Economic Review 23 (3), 481–507.Google Scholar
Lundberg, S. J., Pollak, R. A. and Wales, T. J. (1997) Do husbands and wives pool their resources? Evidence from the United Kingdom child benefit. Journal of Human resources 32 (3), 463–480.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maddala, G. S. (1983) Limited-Dependent and Qualitative Variables in Econometrics. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Mangyo, E. (2008) Who benefits more from higher household consumption? The intra-household allocation of nutrients in China. Journal of Development Economics 86 (2), 296–312.Google Scholar
Mckenzie, D. and Rapoport, H. (2007) Network effects and the dynamics of migration and inequality: Theory and evidence from Mexico. Journal of Development Economics 84 (1), 1–24.Google Scholar
McLaren, K. R. and Yang, O. (2014) A Class of Demand Systems Satisfying Global Regularity and Having Complete Rank Flexibility. Working paper 06/14, Monash University, Department of Econometrics and Business Statistics.Google Scholar
Mendola, M. and Carletto, C. (2012) Migration and gender differences in the home labour market: evidence from Albania. Labour Economics 19 (6), 870–880.Google Scholar
Menon, M., Pendakur, K. and Perali, F. (2012) On the expenditure-dependence of children’s resource shares. Economics Letters 117 (3), 739–742.Google Scholar
Menon, M. and Perali, F. (2012) The Sharing Rule: Where is It? DSE Working Papers, University of Verona, 16/2012.Google Scholar
Menon, M., Perali, F., and Piccoli, L. (2017a) Collective consumption: An application to the passive drinking effect. Review of Economics of the Household (forthcoming).Google Scholar
Menon, M., Perali, F., and Tommasi, N. (2017b) Estimation of unit values in household expenditure surveys without quantity information. Stata Journal 17 (1), 222–239.Google Scholar
Perali, F. (2003) The Behavioral and Welfare Analysis of Consumption. The Cost of Children, Equity and Poverty in Colombia. Springer-Verlag.Google Scholar
Perali, F. and Chavas, J.-P. (2000) Estimation of censored demand equations from large cross-section data. American Journal of Agricultural Economics 82 (4), 1022–1037.Google Scholar
Putnam, R. D., Leonardi, R., and Nanetti, R. Y. (1994) Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy. Princeton, US: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Rosenzweig, M. R. (1986) Program interventions, intrahousehold distribution and the welfare of individuals: Modelling household behavior. World Development 14 (2), 233–243.Google Scholar
Shonkwiler, J. S. and Yen, S. T. (1999) Two-step estimation of a censored system of equations. American Journal of Agricultural Economics 82 (4), 972–982.Google Scholar
Stock, J. H. and Yogo, M. (2005) Testing for weak instruments in linear IV regression. Identification and Inference for Econometric Models: Essays in Honor of Thomas Rothenberg.Google Scholar
Terza, J. V., Basu, A., and Rathouz, P. J. (2008) Two-stage residual inclusion estimation: Addressing endogeneity in health econometric modeling. Journal of Health Economics 27 (3), 531–543.Google Scholar
Vijaya, R. M., Lahoti, R., and Swaminathan, H. (2014) Moving from the household to the individual: Multidimensional poverty analysis. World Development 59 (0), 70–81.Google Scholar
Vullnetari, J. (2012) Women and migration in Albania: A view from the village. International Migration 50 (5), 169–188.Google Scholar
Wang, S.-Y. (2014) Property rights and intra-household bargaining. Journal of Development Economics 107 (0), 192–201.Google Scholar
Ward-Batts, J. (2008) Out of the wallet and into the purse using micro data to test income pooling. Journal of Human Resources 43 (2), 325–351.Google Scholar
Wooldridge, J. M. (2010) Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data. MIT Press.Google Scholar