Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-g8jcs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T00:01:38.907Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Milk metabolites as indicators of mammary gland functions and milk quality

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 July 2014

Nissim Silanikove ,
Uzi Merin ,
Fira Shapiro  and
Gabriel Leitner
Nissim Silanikove*
Affiliation:
Biology of Lactation Laboratory, Institute of Animal Science, A.R.O., the Volcani Center, P.O. Box 6, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
Uzi Merin
Affiliation:
Department of Food Quality and Safety, Postharvest and Food Sciences, A.R.O., the Volcani Center, P.O. Box 6, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
Fira Shapiro
Affiliation:
Biology of Lactation Laboratory, Institute of Animal Science, A.R.O., the Volcani Center, P.O. Box 6, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
Gabriel Leitner
Affiliation:
National Mastitis Center, Kimron Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box 12, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
*
*For correspondence; e-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The assumption, that metabolites derived from the activity of the mammary gland epithelial cells reflect changes in milk secretion and its coagulation properties, was tested in dairy cows. The experiment included cows with uninfected udders and cows with one of the glands infected by different bacteria specie. Analysis were carried at the cow level (including all four glands), or at the gland level. High and significant correlations among the concentrations of lactose, glucose, glucose-6-posphate, milk related respiratory index (the ratio between the concentrations of citrate/lactate+malate in milk) and milk-derived glycolytic index (the ratio between glucose-6-phosphate and glucose in milk) and milk clotting parameters were found. The physiological basis for these relations and their ability to predict the deterioration in milk quality in subclinically infected glands and in glands previously clinically infected with Escherichia coli are discussed.

Keywords

Lactoseglucoseglucose-6-plactatemalatecitratemilk qualityWarburg-like effect
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Dairy Research , Volume 81 , Issue 3 , August 2014 , pp. 358 - 363
Copyright
Copyright © Proprietors of Journal of Dairy Research 2014 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Arthur, PG, Kent, JC & Hartmann, PE 1987 Metabolites of lactose synthesis in milk from diabetic and nondiabetic women during lactogenesis-II. Journal of Pediatric and Gastrointestinal Nutrition 19 100–108Google Scholar
Blum, ES, Heller, ED & Leitner, G 2014 Long term effects of Escherichia coli mastitis. Veterinary Journal 201 72–77Google Scholar
Cherepanov, GG, Danfær, AC & Cant, JP 2000 Simulation analysis of substrate utilization in the mammary gland of lactating cows. Journal Dairy Research 67 171–188Google Scholar
Faulkner, A & Peaker, M 1982 Reviews of the progress of dairy science – secretion of citrate into milk. Journal Dairy Research 49 159–169Google Scholar
Faulkner, A, Chaiyabutr, N, Peaker, M, Carrick, DT & Kuhn, NJ 1981 Metabolic significance of milk glucose. Journal Dairy Research 48 51–56CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hammond, K & Diamond, J 1994 Limits to dietary nutrient intake and intestinal nutrient-uptake in lactating mice. Physiological Zoology 67 282–303CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hicks, SE & Carey, FG 1968 Glucose Determination in natural waters. Limnology and Oceanography 13 361–363Google Scholar
Holt, C 1993 Interrelationship of the concentrations of some ionic constituents of human milk and comparison with cow and goat milks. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part A 104 35–41Google Scholar
Kadzere, CT, Murphy, MR, Silanikove, N & Maltz, E 2002 Heat stress in lactating dairy cows: a review. Livestock Production Science 77 59–91CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leitner, G, Krifucks, O, Merin, U, Lavi, Y & Silanikove, N 2006 Interactions between bacteria type, proteolysis of casein and physico-chemical properties of bovine milk. International Dairy Journal 16 648–654CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leitner, G, Merin, U & Silanikove, N 2011a Effects of glandular bacterial infection and stage of lactation on milk clotting parameters: comparison among cows, goats and sheep. International Dairy Journal 21 279–285Google Scholar
Leitner, G, Lavi, Y, Merin, U, Lemberskiy-Kuzin, L & Katz, G 2011b Online evaluation of milk quality according to coagulation properties for its optimal distribution for industrial applications. Journal of Dairy Science 94 2923–2932Google Scholar
Leitner, G, Merin, U, Lemberskiy-Kuzin, L, Bezman, D & Katz, G 2012 Real time visual/near-infrared analysis of milk clotting parameters for industrial applications. Animal 6 1170–1177CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Leitner, G, Merin, U, Jacoby, S, Bezman, D, Lemberskiy-Kuzin, L & Katz, G 2013 Real-time evaluation of milk quality as reflected by clotting parameters of individual cow's milk during the milking session, between day-to-day and during lactation. Animal 7 1551–1558CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mepham, TB 1987 Physiology of Lactation. Philadelphia: Open University PressGoogle Scholar
Merin, U, Fleminger, G, Komanovsky, J, Silanikove, N, Bernstein, S & Leitner, G 2008 Subclinical udder infection with Streptococcus dysgalactiae impairs milk coagulation properties: the emerging role of proteose-petones. Dairy Science and Technology 88 407–419CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Neville, MC, Hay, WW & Fennessy, P 1990 Physiological significance of the concentration of human-milk glucose. Protoplasma 159 118–128CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oliver, SP, Gonzalez, RN, Hogan, JS, Jayarao, BM & Owens, WE 2004 Micro-biological Procedures for the Diagnosis of Bovine Udder Infection and Determination of Milk Quality, 4th edition. Verona, WI, USA: The National Mastitis Council, IncGoogle Scholar
Peaker, M & Faulkner, A 1983 Soluble milk constituents. Proceeding of the Nutritional Society 42 419–425CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pyorala, S & Taponen, S 2009 Coagulase-negative staphylococci – Emerging mastitis pathogens. Veterinary Microbiology 134 3–8Google Scholar
SAS Institute 2002 JMP Statistics and Graphics Guide, Version 5. Cary, NC, USA: SAS Institute Inc.Google Scholar
Shapiro, F& Silanikove, N 2010 Rapid and accurate determination of D- and L-lactate, lactose and galactose by enzymatic reactions coupled to formation of a fluorochromophore: applications in food quality control. Food Chemistry 119 829–833Google Scholar
Shapiro, F & Silanikove, N 2011 Rapid and accurate determination of malate, citrate, pyruvate and oxaloacetate by enzymatic reactions coupled to formation of a fluorochromophore: application in colorful juices and fermentable food (yogurt, wine) analysis. Food Chemistry 129 608–613Google Scholar
Silanikove, N, Merin, U & Leitner, G 2006 Physiological role of indigenous milk enzymes: an overview of an evolving picture. International Dairy Journal 16 533–545Google Scholar
Silanikove, N, Shapiro, F, Silanikove, M, Merin, U & Leitner, G 2009 Hydrogen peroxide-dependent conversion of nitrite to nitrate as a crucial feature of bovine milk catalase. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry 57 8018–8025Google Scholar
Silanikove, N, Rauch-Cohen, A, Shapiro, F, Blum, S, Arieli, A & Leitner, G 2011 Lipopolysaccharide challenge of the mammary gland in bovine induced a transient glandular shift to anaerobic metabolism. Journal of Dairy Science 94 4468–4475Google Scholar
Silanikove, N, Rauch-Cohen, A, Shapiro, F, Arieli, A & Leitner, G 2012 Lipopolysaccharide challenge of the mammary gland in cows induces nitrosative stress that impaired milk oxidative stability. Animal 6 1451–1459Google Scholar
Silanikove, N, Merin, U, Shapiro, F & Leitner, G 2013 Early mammary gland metabolic and immune responses during natural-like and forceful drying-off in high-yielding dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 96 6400–6411CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vernay, MCMB, Wellnitz, O, Kreipe, L, van Dorland, HA & Bruckmaier, RM 2012 Local and systemic response to intramammary lipopolysaccharide challenge during long-term manipulated plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 95 2540–2549CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zhao, X & Lacasse, P 2008 Mammary tissue damage during bovine mastitis: causes and control. Journal of Animal Science 86 57–65CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zhu, A, Romero, R & Petty, HR 2009 An enzymatic fluorimetric assay for glucose-6-phosphate: application in an in vitro Warburg-like effect. Analytical Biochemistry 388 97–101CrossRefGoogle Scholar