Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-l7hp2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T22:22:03.191Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effects of rapeseed and soybean oil dietary supplementation on bovine fat metabolism, fatty acid composition and cholesterol levels in milk

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 December 2013

Christian Altenhofer ,
Melanie Spornraft ,
Hermine Kienberger ,
Michael Rychlik ,
Julia Herrmann ,
Heinrich HD Meyer  and
Enrique Viturro
Christian Altenhofer
Affiliation:
Physiology Weihenstephan, ZIEL – Research Center for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, 85354 Freising, Germany
Melanie Spornraft
Affiliation:
Physiology Weihenstephan, ZIEL – Research Center for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, 85354 Freising, Germany
Hermine Kienberger
Affiliation:
Bioanalytic Weihenstephan, ZIEL – Research Center for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, 85354 Freising, Germany
Michael Rychlik
Affiliation:
Bioanalytic Weihenstephan, ZIEL – Research Center for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, 85354 Freising, Germany
Julia Herrmann
Affiliation:
Physiology Weihenstephan, ZIEL – Research Center for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, 85354 Freising, Germany
Heinrich HD Meyer
Affiliation:
Physiology Weihenstephan, ZIEL – Research Center for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, 85354 Freising, Germany
Enrique Viturro*
Affiliation:
Physiology Weihenstephan, ZIEL – Research Center for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, 85354 Freising, Germany
*
*For correspondence; e-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The main goal of this experiment was to study the effect of milk fat depression, induced by supplementing diet with plant oils, on the bovine fat metabolism, with special interest in cholesterol levels. For this purpose 39 cows were divided in three groups and fed different rations: a control group (C) without any oil supplementation and two groups with soybean oil (SO) or rapeseed oil (RO) added to the partial mixed ration (PMR). A decrease in milk fat percentage was observed in both oil feedings with a higher decrease of −1·14 % with SO than RO with −0·98 % compared with the physiological (−0·15 %) decline in the C group. There was no significant change in protein and lactose yield. The daily milk cholesterol yield was lower in both oil rations than in control ration, while the blood cholesterol level showed an opposite variation. The milk fatty acid pattern showed a highly significant decrease of over 10 % in the amount of saturated fatty acids (SFA) in both oil feedings and a highly significant increase in mono (MUFA) and poly (PUFA) unsaturated fatty acids, conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) included. The results of this experiment suggest that the feeding of oil supplements has a high impact on milk fat composition and its significance for human health, by decreasing fats with a potentially negative effect (SFA and cholesterol) while simultaneously increasing others with positive (MUFA, PUFA, CLA).

Keywords

Milk fat depressioncholesterolfatty acidsoy oilrapeseed oil
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Dairy Research , Volume 81 , Issue 1 , February 2014 , pp. 120 - 128
Copyright
Copyright © Proprietors of Journal of Dairy Research 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abdelqader, MM, Hippen, AR, Kalscheur, KF, Schingoethe, DJ & Garcia, AD 2009 Isolipidic additions of fat from corn germ, corn distillers grains, or corn oil in dairy cow diets. Journal of Dairy Science 92 5523–5533 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
AlZahal, O, Odongo, NE, Mutsvangwa, T, Or-Rashid, MM, Duffield, TF, Bagg, R, Dick, P, Vessie, G & McBride, BW 2008 Effects of monensin and dietary soybean oil on milk fat percentage and milk fatty acid profile in lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 91 1166–1174 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bauman, DE, Perfield, JW, Harvatine, KJ & Baumgard, LH 2008 Regulation of fat synthesis by conjugated linoleic acid: lactation and the ruminant model. Journal of Nutrition 138 403–409 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bremmer, D, Ruppert, L, Clark, J & Drackley, J 1998 Effects of chain length and unsaturation of fatty acid mixtures infused into the abomasum of lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 81 176–188 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chilliard, Y & Ferlay, A 2004 Dietary lipids and forages interactions on cow and goat milk fatty acid composition and sensory properties. Reproduction Nutrition Development 44 467–492 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Collomb, M, Sollberger, H, Bütikofer, U, Sieber, R, Stoll, W & Schaeren, W 2004 Impact of a basal diet of hay and fodder beet supplemented with rapeseed, linseed and sunflowerseed on the fatty acid composition of milk fat. International Dairy Journal 14 549–559 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Connor, WE 2000 Importance of n− 3 fatty acids in health and disease. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 71 171S–175S CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dabadie, H, Peuchant, E, Bernard, M, LeRuyet, P & Mendy, F 2005 Moderate intake of myristic acid in sn-2 position has beneficial lipidic effects and enhances DHA of cholesteryl esters in an interventional study. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 16 375–382 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dai, X, Wang, C & Zhu, Q 2011 Milk performance of dairy cows supplemented with rapeseed oil, peanut oil and sunflower seed oil. Czech Journal of Animal Science 56 181–191 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Farke, C, Viturro, E, Meyer, HH & Albrecht, C 2006 Identification of the bovine cholesterol efflux regulatory protein ABCA1 and its expression in various tissues. Journal of Animal Science 84 2887–2894 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gama, MAS, Garnsworthy, PC, Griinari, JM, Leme, PR, Rodrigues, PHM, Souza, LWO & Lanna, DPD 2008 Diet-induced milk fat depression: association with changes in milk fatty acid composition and fluidity of milk fat. Livestock Science 115 319–331 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gebauer, SK, Chardigny, J-M, Jakobsen, MU, Lamarche, B, Lock, AL, Proctor, SD & Baer, DJ 2011 Effects of ruminant trans fatty acids on cardiovascular disease and cancer: a comprehensive review of epidemiological, clinical, and mechanistic studies. Advances in Nutrition: an International Review Journal 2 332–354 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Glasser, F, Ferlay, A & Chilliard, Y 2008 Oilseed lipid supplements and fatty acid composition of cow milk: a meta-analysis. Journal of Dairy Science 91 4687–4703 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Glasser, F, Ferlay, A, Doreau, M, Loor, JJ & Chilliard, Y 2010 t10,c12-18:2-induced milk fat depression is less pronounced in cows fed high-concentrate diets. Lipids 45 877–887 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haug, A, Hostmark, AT & Harstad, OM 2007 Bovine milk in human nutrition–a review. Lipids in Health Disease 6 1–16 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
He, M, Perfield, KL, Green, HB & Armentano, LE 2012 Effect of dietary fat blend enriched in oleic or linoleic acid and monensin supplementation on dairy cattle performance, milk fatty acid profiles, and milk fat depression. Journal of Dairy Science 95 1447–1461 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Huang, Y, Schoonmaker, JP, Bradford, BJ & Beitz, DC 2008 Response of milk fatty acid composition to dietary supplementation of soy oil, conjugated linoleic acid, or both. Journal of Dairy Science 91 260–270 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jacobs, AA, van Baal, J, Smits, MA, Taweel, HZ, Hendriks, WH, van Vuuren, AM & Dijkstra, J 2011 Effects of feeding rapeseed oil, soybean oil, or linseed oil on stearoyl-CoA desaturase expression in the mammary gland of dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 94 874–887 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jakobsen, MU, Overvad, K, Dyerberg, J & Heitmann, BL 2008 Intake of ruminant trans fatty acids and risk of coronary heart disease. International Journal of Epidemiology 37 173–182 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kadegowda, AK, Piperova, LS & Erdman, RA 2008 Principal component and multivariate analysis of milk long-chain fatty acid composition during diet-induced milk fat depression. Journal of Dairy Science 91 749–759 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Khorasani, G & Kennelly, J 1998 Effect of added dietary fat on performance, rumen characteristics, and plasma metabolites of midlactation dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 81 2459–2468 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lock, AL & Bauman, DE 2004 Modifying milk fat composition of dairy cows to enhance fatty acids beneficial to human health. Lipids 39 1197–1206 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Loor, J & Herbein, J 2003a Dietary canola or soybean oil with two levels of conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) alter profiles of 18: 1 and 18: 2 isomers in blood plasma and milk fat from dairy cows. Animal Feed Science and Technology 103 63–83 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Loor, J & Herbein, J 2003b Reduced fatty acid synthesis and desaturation due to exogenous trans10, cis12-CLA in cows fed oleic or linoleic oil. Journal of Dairy Science 86 1354–1369 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Malpuech-Brugere, C, Mouriot, J, Boue-Vaysse, C, Combe, N, Peyraud, JL, LeRuyet, P, Chesneau, G, Morio, B & Chardigny, JM 2010 Differential impact of milk fatty acid profiles on cardiovascular risk biomarkers in healthy men and women. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 64 752–759 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mani, O, Körner, M, Ontsouka, CE, Sorensen, MT, Sejrsen, K, Bruckmaier, RM & Albrecht, C 2011 Identification of ABCA1 and ABCG1 in milk fat globules and mammary cells – implications for milk cholesterol secretion. Journal of Dairy Science 94 1265–1276 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Maynard, L, Harrison, E & McCay, C 1931 The changes in the total fatty acids, phospholipid fatty acids, and cholesterol of the blood during the lactation cycle. Journal of Biological Chemistry 92 263–272 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Menotti, A, Kromhout, D, Blackburn, H, Fidanza, F, Buzina, R & Nissinen, A 1999 Food intake patterns and 25-year mortality from coronary heart disease: cross-cultural correlations in the Seven Countries Study. European Journal of Epidemiology 15 507–515 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Motard-Bélanger, A, Charest, A, Grenier, G, Paquin, P, Chouinard, Y, Lemieux, S, Couture, P & Lamarche, B 2008 Study of the effect of trans fatty acids from ruminants on blood lipids and other risk factors for cardiovascular disease. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 87 593–599 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Müller, H, Kirkhus, B & Pedersen, JI 2001 Serum cholesterol predictive equations with special emphasis on trans and saturated fatty acids. An analysis from designed controlled studies. Lipids 36 783–791 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nestel, P, Poyser, A, Hood, R, Mills, S, Willis, M, Cook, L & Scott, T 1978 The effect of dietary fat supplements on cholesterol metabolism in ruminants. Journal of Lipid Research 19 899–909 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Perfield, J II, Sæbø, A & Bauman, D 2004 Use of Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) enrichments to examine the effects of trans-8, cis-10 CLA, and cis-11, trans-13 CLA on milk-fat synthesis. Journal of Dairy Science 87 1196–1202 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Peterson, DG, Matitashvili, EA & Bauman, DE 2003 Diet-induced milk fat depression in dairy cows results in increased trans-10, cis-12 CLA in milk fat and coordinate suppression of mRNA abundance for mammary enzymes involved in milk fat synthesis. Journal of Nutrition 133 3098–3102 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Puppione, D, Smith, N, Clifford, C & Clifford, A 1980 Relationships among serum lipids, milk production and physiological status in dairy cows. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology 65 319–323 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rego, OA, Alves, SP, Antunes, LM, Rosa, HJ, Alfaia, CF, Prates, JA, Cabrita, AR, Fonseca, AJ & Bessa, RJ 2009 Rumen biohydrogenation-derived fatty acids in milk fat from grazing dairy cows supplemented with rapeseed, sunflower, or linseed oils. Journal of Dairy Science 92 4530–4540 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Reklewska, B, Oprzadek, A, Reklewski, Z, Panicke, L, Kuczyńska, B & Oprzadek, J 2002 Alternative for modifying the fatty acid composition and decreasing the cholesterol level in the milk of cows. Livestock Production Science 76 235–243 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ren, J, Grundy, SM, Liu, J, Wang, W, Wang, M, Sun, J, Liu, J, Li, Y, Wu, Z & Zhao, D 2010 Long-term coronary heart disease risk associated with very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in Chinese: the results of a 15-Year Chinese Multi-Provincial Cohort Study (CMCS). Atherosclerosis 211 327–332 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Royo-Bordonada, MA, Gorgojo, L, de Oya, M, Garces, C, Rodriguez-Artalejo, F, Rubio, R, del Barrio, JL & Martin-Moreno, JM 2003 Food sources of nutrients in the diet of Spanish children: the Four Provinces Study. British Journal of Nutrition 89 105–114 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schlamberger, G, Wiedemann, S, Viturro, E, Meyer, HH & Kaske, M 2010 Effects of continuous milking during the dry period or once daily milking in the first 4 weeks of lactation on metabolism and productivity of dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 93 2471–2485 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Singh, SP, Mehla, RK & Singh, M 2012 Plasma hormones, metabolites, milk production, and cholesterol levels in Murrah buffaloes fed with Asparagus racemosus in transition and postpartum period. Tropical Animal Health and Production 44 1827–1832 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Strzałkowska, N, Jóźwik, A, Bagnicka, E, Krzyżewski, J & Horbańczuk, J 2009 Studies upon genetic and environmental factors affecting the cholesterol content of cow milk. I. Relationship between the polymorphic form of beta-lactoglobulin, somatic cell count, cow age and stage of lactation and cholesterol content of milk. Animal Science Papers and Reports 27 95–103 Google Scholar
Sun, Q, Ma, J, Campos, H, Hankinson, SE, Manson, JE, Stampfer, MJ, Rexrode, KM, Willett, WC & Hu, FB 2007 A prospective study of trans fatty acids in erythrocytes and risk of coronary heart disease. Circulation 115 1858–1865 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Viturro, E, de Oya, M, Lasunción, MA, Gorgojo, L, Moreno, JMm, Benavente, M, Cano, B & Garces, C 2006a Cholesterol and saturated fat intake determine the effect of polymorphisms at ABCG5/ABCG8 genes on lipid levels in children. Genetics in Medicine 8 594–599 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Viturro, E, Farke, C, Meyer, HH & Albrecht, C 2006b Identification, sequence analysis and mRNA tissue distribution of the bovine sterol transporters ABCG5 and ABCG8. Journal of Dairy Science 89 553–561 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Viturro, E, Meyer, HH, Gissel, C & Kaske, M 2010 Rapid method for cholesterol analysis in bovine milk and options for applications. Journal of Dairy Research 77 85–89 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Weingartner, O, Lutjohann, D, Vanmierlo, T, Muller, S, Gunther, L, Herrmann, W, Bohm, M, Laufs, U & Herrmann, M 2011 Markers of enhanced cholesterol absorption are a strong predictor for cardiovascular diseases in patients without diabetes mellitus. Chemistry and Physics of Lipids 164 451–456 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zened, A, Troegeler-Meynadier, A, Najar, T & Enjalbert, F 2012 Effects of oil and natural or synthetic vitamin E on ruminal and milk fatty acid profiles in cows receiving a high-starch diet. Journal of Dairy Science 95 5916–5926 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed