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The effect of lipolytic Gram-negative psychrotrophs in stored milk on the development of rancidity in Cheddar cheese

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 June 2009

B. A. Law ,
M. Elisabeth Sharpe  and
Helen R. Chapman
B. A. Law
Affiliation:
National Institute for Research in Dairying, Shinfield, Reading, RG2 9AT
M. Elisabeth Sharpe
Affiliation:
National Institute for Research in Dairying, Shinfield, Reading, RG2 9AT
Helen R. Chapman
Affiliation:
National Institute for Research in Dairying, Shinfield, Reading, RG2 9AT
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Summary

The highest incidence of lipolytic activity among the psychrotrophic Gram-negative flora of commercial raw milks was found in strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Ps. fragi. The lipases of all of the lipolytic strains remained wholly or partly active after heat treatment at 63°C for 30 min. Two of the strains tested further had lipases which retained 20–25% of their activity even when heated at 100 °C for 10 min. Cheeses made from milks in which strains or a single strain of lipolytic Gram-negative rods (GNR) had been allowed to multiply to > 107 colony forming units/ml became rancid after 4 months even though the GNR had been killed by pasteurization. The rancidity was characterized by a soapy off-flavour in cheeses containing free fatty acid concentrations from 3 to 10 times higher than those in control cheeses made from stored milks with low counts of GNR. Strong rancidity could be reproduced by adding the culture supernatant of a pre-grown lipolytic strain, but not the washed cells, to milk and pasteurizing it immediately before cheese-making, demonstrating the extracellular nature of the rancidity-inducing lipases.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Journal of Dairy Research , Volume 43 , Issue 3 , October 1976 , pp. 459 - 468
Copyright
Copyright © Proprietors of Journal of Dairy Research 1976

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