Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gbm5v Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-18T21:57:18.525Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Composition, indigenous proteolytic enzymes and coagulating behaviour of ewe milk as affected by somatic cell count

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 August 2011

Marzia Albenzio ,
Antonella Santillo ,
Mariangela Caroprese ,
Laura Schena ,
Donatella Esterina Russo  and
Agostino Sevi
Marzia Albenzio*
Affiliation:
Department of Production Sciences and Innovation in Mediterranean Agriculture and Food Systems (PrIME), University of Foggia, Via Napoli, 25, 71100 Foggia, Italy
Antonella Santillo
Affiliation:
Department of Production Sciences and Innovation in Mediterranean Agriculture and Food Systems (PrIME), University of Foggia, Via Napoli, 25, 71100 Foggia, Italy
Mariangela Caroprese
Affiliation:
Department of Production Sciences and Innovation in Mediterranean Agriculture and Food Systems (PrIME), University of Foggia, Via Napoli, 25, 71100 Foggia, Italy
Laura Schena
Affiliation:
Department of Production Sciences and Innovation in Mediterranean Agriculture and Food Systems (PrIME), University of Foggia, Via Napoli, 25, 71100 Foggia, Italy
Donatella Esterina Russo
Affiliation:
Department of Production Sciences and Innovation in Mediterranean Agriculture and Food Systems (PrIME), University of Foggia, Via Napoli, 25, 71100 Foggia, Italy
Agostino Sevi
Affiliation:
Department of Production Sciences and Innovation in Mediterranean Agriculture and Food Systems (PrIME), University of Foggia, Via Napoli, 25, 71100 Foggia, Italy
*
*For correspondence; e-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

This study was undertaken to assess the effect of somatic cell count in ewe milk on i) composition and hygienic traits; ii) plasmin, cathepsin and elastase activities; iii) leukocyte differential count; iv) renneting parameters. Individual ewe milk samples were grouped according to somatic cell count (SCC) into five classes: SC300 (<300 000 cells/ml), SC500 (from 301 000 to 500 000 cells/ml), SC1000 (from 501 000 to 1 000 000 cells/ml), SC2000 (from 1 001 000 to 2 000 000 cells/ml) and SC>2000 (>2 001 000 cells/ml). Individual milk samples were analysed for pH, chemical composition, microbial features, indigenous proteolytic enzymes, differential leukocyte population, and renneting parameters. Milk yield, lactose, protein, non casein nitrogen, microbial features were affected by SCC level. Plasmin and elastase activities were the highest in samples with more than 1 000 000 cells/ml; plasmin had intermediate values in samples with 300 000 to 1 000 000 cells/ml and the lowest in samples with less than 300 000 cells/ml of milk. Cathepsin D showed significantly lower values in SC300 and SC1000 classes than in SC500, SC2000 and SC>2000 classes. The highest percentages of lymphocyte were found in samples with less than 1 000 000 cells/ml, while the highest levels of polymorphonuclear leukocyte were found in samples with more than 1 000 000 cells/ml of milk. Longer clotting time was found in SC>2000 samples, while reduced clot firmness was observed in SC500 and SC>2000 samples. Results on milk yield and on compositional parameters evidenced an impairment of udder efficiency in ewe milk samples starting from 300 000 cells/ml. Plasmin activity in milk can be considered as a marker of the synthetic and secreting ability of the mammary gland; furthermore plasmin and elastase were consistent with the health status of the udder. Finally cathepsin D played a role in the worsening of renneting properties of ewe milk.

Keywords

ewe milkSCCindigenous proteolytic enzymesmilk renneting parameters
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Dairy Research , Volume 78 , Issue 4 , November 2011 , pp. 442 - 447
Copyright
Copyright © Proprietors of Journal of Dairy Research 2011

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Albenzio, M & Caroprese, M 2011 Differential leukocyte count for ewe milk with low and high somatic cell count. Journal of Dairy Research 78 43–48CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Albenzio, M, Caroprese, M, Marino, R, Santillo, A, Taibi, L & Sevi, A 2004 Effects of somatic cell count and stage of lactation on the plasmin activity and cheese-making properties of ewe milk. Journal of Dairy Science 87 533–542CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Albenzio, M, Caroprese, M, Santillo, A, Marino, R, Muscio, A & Sevi, A 2005 Proteolytic patterns and plasmin activity in ewe milk as affected by somatic cell count and stage of lactation. Journal of Dairy Research 72 86–92CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Albenzio, M, Santillo, A, Caroprese, M, d'Angelo, F, Marino, R & Sevi, A 2009 Role of endogenous enzymes in proteolysis of sheep milk. Journal of Dairy Science 92 79–86CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Auldist, M 2003 Effect on processing characteristics. In: Encyclopedia of Dairy Sciences Vol 3. pp. 2002–2007 (Eds Roginski, H, Fuquay, JW & Fox, PF). Bodmin, Cornwall, UK: MPG Books LtdGoogle Scholar
Caroprese, M, Marzano, A, Schena, L, Marino, R, Santillo, A & Albenzio, M 2007 Contribution of milk macrophages to proteolysis and to plasmin activity in ewe bulk milk. Journal of Dairy Science 90 2767–2772CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
EEC 94/71. Directive amending Directive 92/46/EC laying down the health rules for the production and placing on the market of raw milk, heat-treated milk and milk-based products. Official Journal of European Community L368 33–37Google Scholar
International Dairy Federation 1995 Enumeration of somatic cells. Brussels: IDF (FIL-IDF Standard no 148A)Google Scholar
Kehrly, ME & Shuster, DE 1994 Factors affecting milk somatic cells and their role in health of the bovine mammary gland. Journal of Dairy Science 77 619–627CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kelly, AL & McSweeney, PLH 2002 Indigenous proteinases in milk. Advanced Dairy Chemistry 1 494–519Google Scholar
Kelly, AL, Tiernan, D, O'Sullivan, C & Joyce, P 2000 Correlation between bovine milk somatic cell count and polymorphonuclear leukocyte level for samples of bulk milk and milk from individual cows. Journal of Dairy Science 83 300–304CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Leitner, G, Shoshani, E, Krifucks, O, Chaffer, M & Saran, A 2000 Milk leucocyte population patterns in bovine udder infection of different aetiology. Journal of Veterinary Medicine 47 581–589CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Moatsou, G 2010 Indigenous enzymatic activities in ovine and caprine milks. International Journal of Dairy Technology 63 16–31CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Paape, MJ, Wiggans, GR, Bannerman, DD, Thomas, DL, Sanders, AH, Contreras, A, Moroni, P & Miller, RH 2007 Monitoring goat and sheep milk somatic cell counts. Small Ruminant Research 68 114–125CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Politis, I, Zhao, X, McBraid, BW, Burton, JH & Turner, JD 1991 Plasminogen activator production by bovine milk macrophages and blood monocytes. American Journal Veterinary Research 52 1208–1213CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rainard, P & Riollet, C 2006 Innate immunity of the bovine mammary gland. Veterinary Research 37 369–400CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ramos, M & Juarez, M 2003 Sheep milk. In: Encyclopedia of Dairy Sciences Vol 4. pp. 2539–2545 (Eds Roginski, H, Fuquay, JW & Fox, PF). Bodmin, Cornwall, UK: MPG Books LtdGoogle Scholar
Raynal-Ljutovac, K, Pirisi, A, de Crémpux, R & Gonzalo, C 2007 Somatic cells of goat and sheep milk: Analytical, sanitary, productive and technological aspects. Small Ruminant Research 68 126–144CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Revilla, I, Rodríguez-Nogales, GM & Vivar-Quintana, AM 2007 Proteolysis and texture of hard ewe's milk cheese during ripening as affected by somatic cell count. Journal of Dairy Research 74 127–136CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rodríguez-Nogales, JM, Vivar-Quintana, AM & Revilla, I 2007 Influence of somatic cell count and breed on capillary electrophoretic protein profiles of ewes’ milk: a chemometric study. Journal of Dairy Science 90 3187–3196CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rosati, R, Militello, G, Boselli, C, Giangiolini, G, Amatiste, S, Brajon, G, Gazzoni, S, Casini, M, Scatassa, M, Bono, P, Cannas, A, Mugoni, G, Simula, M, Denti, G, Gradassi, S & Fagiolo, A 2005 Determination of the national value of bulk tank somatic cell count and physiological threshold in sheep and goat milk. Scienza e Tecnica lattiero-casearia 56 1–21Google Scholar
SAS Institute 1999 SAS User's Guide: Statistics. Version 8.1 ed. SAS Inst. Inc., Cary, NCGoogle Scholar
Sevi, A, Albenzio, M, Taibi, L, Dantone, D, Massa, S & Annicchiarico, G 1999 Changes of somatic cell count through lactation and their effects on nutritional, renneting and bacteriological characteristics of ewe's milk. Advances in Food Science 21 122–127Google Scholar
Shapiro, SS & Wilk, M 1965 An analysis of variance test for normality. Biometrika 52 591–601CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Silanikove, N, Merin, U & Leitner, G 2006 Physiological role of indigenous milk enzymes: An overwiew of an evolving picture. International Dairy Journal 16 533–545CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zannoni, M & Annibaldi, S 1981 Standardization of the renneting ability of milk by Formagraph. Scienza e Tecnica Lattiero-Casearia 32 79–94Google Scholar