Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-s2hrs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-05T09:27:15.407Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Cisternal milk in the dairy cow during lactation and after preceding teat stimulation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 June 2009

Hans-Ulrich Pfeilsticker ,
Rupert M. Bruckmaier  and
Jürg W. Blum
Hans-Ulrich Pfeilsticker
Affiliation:
Institut für Tierzucht der Universität Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Schweiz
Rupert M. Bruckmaier
Affiliation:
Institut für Tierzucht der Universität Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Schweiz
Jürg W. Blum
Affiliation:
Institut für Tierzucht der Universität Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Schweiz
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Experiments were designed to determine the cisternal milk during machine milking in unfamiliar surroundings, which has previously been shown to inhibit milking-related oxytocin (OT) release and milk ejection. The first experiment was performed with 22 cows in early, mid and late lactation. After cisternal milk was removed, 10 i.u. OT were twice injected intravenously to remove the remaining milk. Total milk yield, cisternal milk yield, cisternal milk fraction (17 and 12% in early and late lactation) and the milk yield obtained in response to the first OT injection significantly decreased from early to late lactation. Cisternal milk yield was similar in front and rear udder halves. However, owing to higher total yield, the cisternal milk fraction was lower in rear than in front halves. Cisternal milk yield and cisternal milk fraction were smaller in primiparous than in older cows. In a further experiment milk distribution in the bovine udder was evaluated after preceding teat stimulation and milk ejection. Teats of 12 cows were manually stimulated for 1 min at 15, 60 or 120 min before milking. Total milk yield was not significantly different with or without teat stimulation. However, cisternal milk yield and fraction were significantly higher in teat stimulated cows than in unstimulated controls but were similar whether cows were stimulated 15, 60 or 120 min before milking.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Journal of Dairy Research , Volume 63 , Issue 4 , November 1996 , pp. 509 - 515
Copyright
Copyright © Proprietors of Journal of Dairy Research 1996

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Bruckmaier, R. M., Pfeilsticker, H. -U. & Blum, J. W. 1996 a Milk yield, oxytocin and β-endorphin gradually normalize during repeated milking in unfamiliar surroundings. Journal of Dairy Research 63 191–200Google Scholar
Bruckmaier, R. M., Rothenanger, E. & Blum, J. W. 1994 a Measurement of mammary gland cistern size and determination of the cisternal milk fraction in dairy cows. Milchwissenschaft 49 543–546Google Scholar
Bruckmaier, R. M., Schams, D. & Blum, J. W. 1993 Milk removal in familiar and unfamiliar surroundings: concentrations of oxytocin, prolactin, cortisol and β-endorphin. Journal of Dairy Research 60 449–456Google Scholar
Bruckmaier, R. M., Schams, D. & Blum, J. W. 1994 b Continuously elevated concentrations of oxytoxin are necessary for complete milk removal in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Research 61 323–334Google Scholar
Bruckmaier, R. M., Wellnitz, O. & Blum, J. W. 1996 b Inhibition of milk ejection in dairy cows by oxytoein receptor blockade, α-adrenergic receptor stimulation and in unfamiliar surroundings. Journal of Dairy science 79 (Suppl. 1) Abstr. P157Google Scholar
Dewhurst, R. J. & Knight, C. H. 1993 Changes in the sites of milk storage over the lactation cycle of primiparous and multiparous dairy cows. Animal Production 56 428–429Google Scholar
Dewhurst, R. J. & Knight, C. H. 1994 Relationship between milk storage characteristics and the short-term response of dair cows to thrice-daily milking. Animal Production 58 181–187Google Scholar
Essl, A. 1987 Statistische Methoden in der Tierproduktion. Vienna: Österreichischer AgrarverlagGoogle Scholar
Gorewit, R. C. & Sagi, R. 1984 Effects of exogenous oxytocin on production and milking variables of cows. Journal of Dairy Science 67 2050–2054Google Scholar
Isaksson, A. & Arnarp, L. 1988 Quantitative estimation of residual milk in bovine udders – a methodological study. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 29 259–262Google Scholar
Knight, C. H. 1994 Short-term oxytocin treatment increases bovine milk yield by enhancing milk removal without any direct action on mammary metabolism. Journal of Endocrinology 142 471–473Google Scholar
Knight, C. H. & Dewhurst, R. J. 1994 Once daily milking of dairy cows: relationship between yield loss and cisternal milk storage. Journal of Dairy Research 61 441–449Google Scholar
Knight, C. H., Hirst, D. & Dewhurst, R. J. 1994 Milk accumulation and distribution in the bovine udder during the interval between milkings. Journal of Dairy Research 61 167–177Google Scholar
Linzell, J. L. & Peaker, M. 1971 The effects of oxytocin and milk removal on milk secretion in the goat. Journal of Physiology 216 717–734Google Scholar
Mayer, H., Bruckmaier, R. & Schams, D. 1991 Lactational changes in oxytocin release, intramammary pressure and milking characteristics in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Research 58 159–169Google Scholar
Mielke, H. 1969 [Intramammary milk storage as a complex function of lactation in cattle.] Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift, Karl Marx Universität, Leipzig, Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Reihe 18 421–429Google Scholar
Peaker, M. & Blatchford, D. R. 1988 Distribution of milk in the goat mammary gland and its relation to the rate and control of milk secretion. Journal of Dairy Research 55 41–48Google Scholar
Pfeilsticker, H. -U., Bruckmaier, R. M. & Blum, J. 1995 Interruption of machine milking in dairy cows: effects on intramammary pressure and milking characteristics. Journal of Dairy Research 62 559–566Google Scholar
Rothenanger, E., Bruckmaier, R. M. & Blum, J. W. 1995 Association and dissociation of single quarter and total milk flow in dairy cows: effects of milking with and without pre-stimultion. Milchwissenschaft 50 63–67Google Scholar
SAS 1990 SAS Users' Guide: Statistics. Cary, NC: SAS InstituteGoogle Scholar
Schams, D., Mayer, H., Prokopp, A. & Worstorff, H. 1984 Oxytocin secretion during milking in dairy cows with regard to the variation and importance of a threshold level for milk removal. Journal of Endocrinology 102 337–343CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Senft, B., Klobasa, F. & Pfleiderer, U. E. 1974 [Physiological and environmental factors affecting the amount of residual milk in cows.] Züchtungskunde 46 265–273Google Scholar
Senkel, M. & Mielke, H. 1969 [Intermediate udder stimulation in cows.] Archiv für Tierzucht 12 155–163Google Scholar
Wehowsky, G., Moritz, P., Tröger, F. & Lohr, H. 1986 [Deliberate initiation of incomplete alveolar milk ejections for determining the effect of stimuli.] Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift, Karl Marx Universität, Leipzig, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe 35 273–282Google Scholar
Wellnitz, O., Bruckmaier, R. M. & Blum, J. W. 1996 Inhibition of milk ejection in dairy cows before and during milking by oxytocin receptor blockade, α-adrenergic receptor stimulation and in unfamiliar surroundings. Proceedings, Symposium on Milk Synthesis, Secretion and Removal in Ruminants, Berne, Switzerland.Google Scholar
Wilde, C. J., Addey, C. V. P., Boddy, L. M. & Peaker, M. 1995 Autocrine regulation of milk secretion by a protein in milk. Biochemical Journal 305 51–58Google Scholar
Wilde, C. J. & Peaker, M. 1990 Autocrine control in milk secretion. Journal of Agricultural Science 114 235–238Google Scholar