Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2brh9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-27T19:43:18.374Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Cell cycle regulation of mammary epithelial cell detachment by Staphylococcus aureus

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 June 2009

Boris Zavizion ,
Andrew J. Bramley  and
Ioannis Politis
Boris Zavizion
Affiliation:
Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05404, USA
Andrew J. Bramley
Affiliation:
Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05404, USA
Ioannis Politis
Affiliation:
Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05404, USA
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

The effect of Staphylococcus aureus on detachment of bovine mammary epithelial cells in culture was examined. Mammary epithelial cells became detached from fresh monolayers following a 3 h incubation in the presence of Staph. aureus M60. Two different procedures indicated that cell detachment coincided with the S-phase of the cell cycle. The roles of proteinases, toxins and Ca availability in inducing cell detachment were examined. Addition of the proteinase inhibitor phenyl-methylsulphonyl fluoride (1 mM) to the culture medium prevented cell detachment. Addition of a combination of purified staphylococcal proteinases XVI and XVII-B to the culture medium of mammary epithelial cells induced cell detachment in the absence of Staph. aureus. Cell detachment may be caused by a staphylococcal proteinase. However, addition of Ca (10 mM) to the culture medium abolished Staph. aureus-induced cell detachment, despite the fact that proteinase activity was still apparently present. Isogenic mutants of Staph. aureus M60, expressing either ± or β toxins but not both, induced cell detachment, but to a lesser extent than the wild type. Thus, Ca and toxins play some role during cell detachment. Clones established from detached cells that were washed and replated showed the same susceptibility to Staph. aureus-induced cell detachment as the parental cells. This indicated that there is no subclone of mammary epithelial cells more sensitive to this effect.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Journal of Dairy Research , Volume 63 , Issue 4 , November 1996 , pp. 543 - 553
Copyright
Copyright © Proprietors of Journal of Dairy Research 1996

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Anderson, J. C. 1982 Progressive pathology of staphylococcal mastitis with a note on control, immunization and therapy. Veterinary Record 110 372–376CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baehni, P. C., Song, M., Mcculloch, C. A. G. & Ellen, R. P. 1992 Treponema denticola induces actin rearrangement and detachment of human gingival fibroblasts. Infection and Immunity 60 3360–3368CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Beck, H. S., Wise, W. S. & Dodd, F. H. 1992 Cost benefit analysis of bovine mastitis in the UK. Journal of Dairy Research 59 449–460CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bhakdi, S., Weller, U., Walev, I., Martin, E., Jonas, D. & Palmer, M. 1993 A guide to the use of pore-forming toxins for controlled permeabilization of cell membranes. Medical Microbiology and Immunology 182 167–175CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bramley, A. J. & Dodd, F. H. 1984 Reviews of the progress of dairy science. Mastitis control - progress and prospects. Journal of Dairy Research 51 481–512CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bramley, A. J., Patel, A. H., O'Reilly, M., Foster, R. & Foster, T. J. 1989 The role of alpha and beta toxin in virulence of Staphylococcus aureus for the mouse mammary gland. Infection and Immunity 57 2489–2494CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cifrian, E., Guidry, A. J., O'Brien, C. N., Nickerson, S. C. & Marquardt, W. W. 1994 Adherence of Staphylococcus aureus to cultured bovine mammary epithelial cells. Journal of Dairy Science 77 970–983CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Collen, D., Schlott, B., Engelboughs, Y., Van Hoef, B., Hartmann, M., Lijnen, H. R. & Behnke, D. 1993 On the mechanism of the activation of human plasminogen by recombinant staphylokinase. Journal of Biological Chemistry 268 8284–8289CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cooper, J. A. 1987 Effects of cytoehalasin and phalloidin on actin. Journal of Cell Biology 105 1473–1478CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crist, W. L., Harmon, R. J. & Newman, L. E. 1983 How much does mastitis cost? Udder Topics 6 21Google Scholar
Foster, T. J., O'Reilly, M., Patel, A. H. & Bramley, A. J. 1988 Genetic studies of Staphylococcus aureus virulence factors. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek Journal of Microbiology 54 475–482CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Huynh, H. T., Robitaille, G. & Turner, J. D. 1991 Establishment of bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAT-T): an in vitro model for bovine lactation. Experimental Cell Research 197 191–199CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jacobs, T. 1992 Control of the cell cycle. Developmental Biology 153 1–15CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jonsson, P., Lindberg, M., Haraldsson, I. & WadströM, T. 1985 Virulence of Staphylococcus aureus in a mouse mastitis model: studies of alpha hemolysin, coagulase and protein A as possible virulence determinants with protoplast fusion and gene cloning. Infection and Immunity 49 765–769CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leigh, J. A. 1993 Activation of bovine plasminogen by Streptococcus uberis. FEMS Microbiology Letters 114 67–72CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Leigh, J. A. 1994 Progress in the understanding of the pathogenesis of Streptococcus uberis for the lactating bovine mammary gland. Proceedings, Annual Meeting National Mastitis Council 33 96–103Google Scholar
Low, D. K. R. & Freer, J. H. 1977 Biological effects of highly purified β-lysin (sphingomyelinase C) from Staphylococcus aureus. FEMS Microbiology Letters 2 133–138Google Scholar
Matthews, K. R., Rejman, J. J., Turner, J. D. & Oliver, S. P. 1994 Proliferation of a bovine mammary epithelial cell line in the presence of bacterial virulence factors. Journal of Dairy Science 77 2959–2964CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
O'Reilly, M., De Azevedo, J. C. S., Kennedy, S. & Foster, J. 1986 Inactivation of the alpha-haemolysin gene of Staphylococcus aureus 8325–4 by site-directed mutagenesis and studies on the expression of its haemolysins. Microbial Pathogenesis 1 125–138CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reneau, J. K. & Packard, V. S. 1991 Monitoring mastitis, milk quality and economic losses in dairy herds. Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation 11 4–11Google Scholar
Scott, F. M., Sator De Serrano, V. & Castellino, F. J. 1987 Appearance of plasminogen activator activity during a synchronous cycle of a rat adenocarcinoma cell line, PA-III. Experimental Cell Research 169 39–46CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wyatt, J. E., Poston, S. M. & Noble, W. C. 1990 Adherence of Staphylococcus aureus to cell monolayers. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 69 834–844CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zavizion, B., Bramley, A. J. & Politis, I. 1995 a Effects of Staphylococcus aureus products on growth and functions of bovine mammary myoepithelial cells in vitro. Journal of Dairy Research 62 577–586CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zavizion, B., Bramley, A. J., Politis, I., Gilmore, J., Turner, J. D., Patel, A. H. & Foster, T. J. 1995 b Effects of Staphylococcus aureus toxins on the growth of bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T) in culture. Journal of Dairy Science 78 277–284CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zavizion, B., Politis, I., Gorewit, R. C., Turner, J. D., Spitzer, E. & Grosse, R. 1993 Effect of mammary-derived growth inhibitor on proliferation of MAC-T bovine mammary epithelial cells. Journal of Dairy Science 76 3721–3726CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed