535 Multiomic analysis of KMT2A-r pediatric acute myeloid leukemia

Abstract

Objectives/Goals: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the second most common leukemia among pediatric populations. Approximately 15% of pediatric AML cases have KMT2A gene rearrangements (KMT2A-r), which confers a worse prognosis. Our goal is to better characterize the biologic landscape of KMT2A-r pediatric AML. Methods/Study Population: This study utilizes deidentified peripheral blood and/or bone marrow samples banked in the Children’s Mercy Tumor Bank Biorepository. We investigated four KMT2A-r pediatric AML patients and six patients with other AML subtypes using samples collected at diagnosis and remission that were stored in the “tumor bank.” In addition, we assessed 47 tumor bank samples from patients with other leukemia subtypes. We performed differential expression (DE) analysis on bulk RNA sequencing comparing KMT2A-r and all other AML subtypes, as well as single-cell RNA sequencing and proteomic analysis on the larger cohort. We then coalesced these data to better identify processes and pathways that are dysregulated in KMT2A-r AML, specifically aiming to find those that were contributing to leukemogenesis. Results/Anticipated Results: Transcriptomic analysis showed that HOXA10 and MEIS1, two genes associated with immature myeloid populations and KMT2A-r leukemias, were more highly transcribed in AMLs than other leukemias. In addition, our DE analysis showed significantly higher transcription of ITGA7, a gene shown to correlate with poorer prognosis in AML, in our KMT2A-r samples when compared to other AML subtypes. FAM46C, a tumor suppressor gene contributing to mRNA stabilization, was less highly expressed in KMT2A-r AML when compared to other AML subtypes. Of note, low expression of FAM46C is associated with poorer survival and treatment response in multiple myeloma, and our findings suggest it may also be relevant to AML. Proteomic analysis is currently in process. Discussion/Significance of Impact: Transcriptomic analysis identifies unique molecular features of pediatric KMT2A-r AML. We anticipate that our proteomic data will do the same and will also corroborate our RNA findings. Taken in combination, these results will provide a more complete picture of the specific mechanisms contributing to this aggressive leukemic subtype.