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Child English pre-sentential negation as metalinguistic exclamatory sentence negation*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 September 2008

Kenneth F. Drozd
Kenneth F. Drozd*
Affiliation:
Max Planck-Institut fuer Psycholinguistik
*
Max-Planck-Institut fuer Psycholinguistik, Postbus 310, NL-6500 AH, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Email: [email protected].
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Abstract

This paper presents a study of the spontaneous pre-sentential negations of ten English-speaking children between the ages of 1;6 and 3;4 which supports the hypothesis that child English nonanaphoric pre-sentential negation is a form of metalinguistic exclamatory sentence negation. A detailed discourse analysis reveals that children's pre-sentential negatives like No Nathaniel a king (i) are characteristically echoic, and (ii) typically express objection and rectification, two characteristic functions of exclamatory negation in adult discourse, e.g. Don't say ‘Nathaniel's a king’! A comparison of children's pre-sentential negations with their internal predicate negations using not and don't reveals that the two negative constructions are formally and functionally distinct. I argue that children's nonanaphoric pre-sentential negatives constitute an independent, well-formed class of discourse negation. They are not ‘primitive’ constructions derived from the miscategorization of emphatic no in adult speech or children's ‘inventions’. Nor are they an early derivational variant of internal sentence negation. Rather, these negatives reflect young children's competence in using grammatical negative constructions appropriately in discourse.

Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Child Language , Volume 22 , Issue 3 , October 1995 , pp. 583 - 610
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1995

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Footnotes

[*]

I would like to thank Harald Baayen, Lois Bloom, Melissa Bowerman, Jill De Villiers, Larry Horn, Susan Powers, Wolfgang Klein, Tom Roeper, Catherine Snow and an anonymous reviewer for helpful comments and discussions regarding the ideas presented in this paper. Any mistakes and (mis)interpretations of data are my own. The research presented here is an extension of the author's dissertation research.

References

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