Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-g8jcs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T14:46:42.212Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The South Anhui Incident

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 March 2011

Gregor Benton
Get access

Abstract

In January 1941 Guomindang forces crushed a New Fourth Army (NFA) column under Xiang Ying and Ye Ting, which had just missed a deadline to get north of the Yangzi River. The Guomindang and the Communist center in Yan'an both wanted Xiang in the north, each for its own reasons. However, Xiang put off leaving until the last moment for he was loath to give up his independent base in south Anhui. Xiang favored closer cooperation with the Guomindang than did Communists elsewhere in China. Ironically, Xiang's resistance to Yan'an's pressure to cross the river brought him into conflict with Chiang Kai-shek. Loyalist NFA units that did go north routed Guomindang armies there, and partly in retaliation, Chiang Kai-shek suppressed Xiang as a “mutineer.” Yan'an leaders called the Incident an act of fratricide, and afterward they radicalized their idea of the united front—always wider than one of mere collaboration with the Guomindang—still further. In Yan'an, Xiang was blamed for hesitating to expand northward and for entering a trap when he eventually did leave. However, Yan'an bore some responsibility, never acknowledged, for choosing Xiang's route to disaster.

Type
Articles
Information
The Journal of Asian Studies , Volume 45 , Issue 4 , August 1986 , pp. 681 - 720
Copyright
Copyright © The Association for Asian Studies, Inc. 1986

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

List of References

Anhui sheng, junqu, eds. 1982. Xinsijun zai Anhui [The NFA in Anhui]. Hefei: Anhui renmin chubanshe.Google Scholar
Anhui sheng wenwuju xinsijun wenshi, zhengzhizu, eds. 1981. Wannan shibian ziliaoxuan [Materials on the South Anhui Incident]. Hefei: Anhui renmin chubanshe.Google Scholar
Anhui sheng Wuhu shi, wenlian, eds. 1980. Wannan yi ye [South Anhui chapter]. Shanghai: Shanghai wenyi chubanshe.Google Scholar
Balujun dishiba jituanjun, zongzhengzhibu. 1945. Kangzhan banianlaide balujun yu xinsijun [The Eighth Route Army and the NFA after eight years' resistance].Google Scholar
Benton, Gregor. Forthcoming. “After the Long March.” In Goldstein, Steven M. and Hartford, Kathleen, eds., Single Sparks. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Bi, Danhao. 1983. “Gensui Liu Shaoqi tongzhi dao Huazhong” [Following Comrade Liu Shaoqi to central China]. Geming huiyilu 9:145–60.Google Scholar
Bian, Xiezu. 1982. “Xiang Ying zhuanliie” [Xiang Ying: A biographical sketch]. Fudan xuebao (Shehui kexue ban) 3:89–93.Google Scholar
Bianyi, chubanshe. 1941. Zhenjing Zhongwaide “Wannan canbian” mianmian guan [An all-round view of the tragic “South Anhui Incident” which shocked China and the world].Google Scholar
Braun, Otto. 1973. Chinesische Aufzeichnungen [Chinese sketches]. Berlin: Dietz Verlag.Google Scholar
Cao, Danhui. 1961. “Wannan tuweiji” [Breaking out of the encirclement in south Anhui]. Xinghuo liaoyuan 6:401–12.Google Scholar
Cao, Yanxing and Tingguang, Cai. 1982. “Wannan shibian shimo” [The whole story of the South Anhui Incident]. Dangshi yanjiu 1:2–18.Google Scholar
Cao, Yanxing and Guozhi, Gan. 1983. “Guanyu Wannan shibian qian xinsijun fazhan fangzhende jige wenti” [Some issues in the NFA's development policy before the South Anhui Incident]. Dangshi yanjiu 5:41–49.Google Scholar
Chen, Congyi. 1956. Wannan shibian qianhou [The South Anhui Incident from start to finish]. Shanghai: Renmin chubanshe.Google Scholar
Chen, Feng. 1984. Wannan shibian benmo [The South Anhui Incident from start to finish]. Hefei: Anhui renmin chubanshe.Google Scholar
Chen, Jun. 1939. Xinsijun manji [Random notes on the NFA]. Tongyi chubanshe.Google Scholar
Chen, Renhong. 1983a. “Yingxiongde houweituan” [Heroic rearguard regiment]. In Fu, and Ye, , pp. 152–70.Google Scholar
Chen, Renhong. 1983b. “Wannan shibianzhongde xinsijun wutuan” [The NFA's Fifth Regiment in the South Anhui Incident]. Fengzhan hongqi, no. 3:139–60.Google Scholar
Chen, Shizhang. 1981. “Jiang jun disishi shi xiji xinsijunde jingguo” [Surprise attack on the NFA by the 40th Division of Chiang Kai-shek]. In Wenwuju, , pp. 333–41.Google Scholar
Chen, Yi. 1939a. “Maoshan yinian” [One year in the Maoshan]. Qunzhong 3, no. 22 (November).Google Scholar
Chen, Yi. 1939b. “Jianchi Jiangnan kangzhande zhu wenti” [Issues in maintaining the resistance in Jiangnan]. Kangdi (February 15):57–64.Google Scholar
Chen, Yi. 1939c. “Jiangnan youji quyu gongzuo jingyan piantan” [The experience of working in the Jiangnan guerrilla areas], Balujun junzheng zazhi 7(July 25): 16–22.Google Scholar
Chen, Yi. 1942. “Lun jianjun gongzuo” [On army building]. In zhengzhibu, Qishi, eds., Zhenli (Chen Yi) dangnei jiaocai, pp. 36–41.Google Scholar
Chen, Zhan. 1980. “Lijinjianxian xin xiang dang” [Going through hardships for the Party]. In Wuhu, , pp. 169–80.Google Scholar
Chen, Zigu. 1956. Wannan shibian [The South Anhui Incident]. Beijing.Google Scholar
Chen, Zigu. 1979. Wannan shibian qianhou [The South Anhui Incident from start to finish]. Shanghai: Renmin chubanshe.Google Scholar
Chen, Zigu. 1981. “Linran zhengqi, yongzai shice” [Stern and upright, forever recorded in history]. In Huiyi Ye Ting, pp. 37–49.Google Scholar
Ch'en, I (Chen Yi). 1944. “Letter to David D. Barrett, 28 August.” In Barrett, David D.. 1956? “Report on Communist Military Clashes with the National Government in Kiangsu and Anhui, 1939–1941.” Unpublished.Google Scholar
Chiang, Kai-shek. 1946. The Collected Wartime Messages of Generalissimo Chiang Kaishek. 2 vols. New York: John Day.Google Scholar
Chiang, Kai-shek. 1969. Soviet Russia in China. Taibei: China Publishing Company.Google Scholar
Chongqing xiandai gemingshi ziliao congshu, weihui, eds. 1983. Huiyi nanfangju [Recollections of the South China Bureau]. Chongqing: Renmin chubanshe.Google Scholar
Dan, Jiang. 1981. “Chizizhi xin” [Utter innocence]. In Huiyi Ye Ting, pp. 50–56.Google Scholar
Deng, Zhongming. [1942] 1982. “Guanyu Sunan gongzuo qingkuang” [On work in south Jiangsu]. In Zhenjiang, , pp. 68–90.Google Scholar
Deng, Zihui. 1961. “Xinsijunde fazhan zhuangda yu liangtiao luxiande douzheng” [The NFA's development and growth and the two-line struggle], Xinghuo liaoyuan 6:375–400.Google Scholar
Fan, Yulin. [1943] 1982. “Sunan dihou kangRi minzhu zhengquan jianshe” [Setting up anti-Japanese democratic governments behind enemy lines in south Jiangsu]. In Zhenjiang, , pp. 260–78.Google Scholar
Feng, Ding. 1979. “Yipian danxin zhao Hanqi” [A loyal heart shines on the Chinese flag]. In Mianhuai Chen Yi, pp. 402–16.Google Scholar
Fu, Qiutao. 1983. “Xin yi zhidui Wannan tuwei” [The New First Detachment's breakout from the south Anhui encirclement]. In Fu, and Ye, , pp. 65–70.Google Scholar
Fu, Qiutao, Chao, Ye, et al. , eds. 1983. Wannan shibian huiyilu [Recollections of the South Anhui Incident]. Anhui renmin chubanshe.Google Scholar
Fujian renmin, chubanshe, eds. 1982. Chishi baodong qianhou [The Chishi uprising]. Fuzhou: Fujian renmin chubanshe.Google Scholar
Gongge lianjiaoshang weiyuanhui jiuerliu, gangsansi wuyiqi zongdui wuqi zhandoutuan. 1968. Ziliao zhuanji [Collection of materials]. No. 1 (July).Google Scholar
Guan, Wenwei. 1981. Chen Yi zai Jiangnanbei [Chen Yi north and south of the Yangzi]. Huaiyin: Jiangsu renmin chubanshe.Google Scholar
Haitian, chubanshe. 1935. Xiandai shiliao [Contemporary history materials], 4 vols. Haitian chubanshe.Google Scholar
He, Li. 1980. “Wannan shibian” [The South Anhui Incident]. Jindai shiyanjiu 3:96–119.Google Scholar
He Yingqin shangjiang jiuwu shoudan congshu bianji, weiyuanhui, eds. 1984. He Yingqin shangjiang jiuwu shoudan congshu, Rijun qinHua banian kangzhan shi [Publications on the occasion of the ninety-fifth birthday of General He Yingqin: A history of the Japanese invasion of China and eight years of resistance]. Taibei (?).Google Scholar
Ho, Kan-chih (He Ganzhi). 1959. A History of the Modern Chinese Revolution. Beijing: Foreign Languages Press.Google Scholar
Hsü, Long-hsuen and Ming-kai, Chang. 1971. History of the Sino-Japanese War, 1937–1945. Taibei: Chung Wu Publishing Company.Google Scholar
Huang, Cheng. 1981. “Xiang Ying, Zhou Zikun er lieshi yunande zhenxiang” [The true story of the martyrdom of Xiang Ying and Zhou Zikun]. In Wenwuju, , pp. 345–48.”Google Scholar
Huang, Kaiyuan et al. 1981. “Wannan shibian ji qi lishi jiaoxun” [The South Anhui Incident and its historical lessons]. Anhui shida xuebao 3:16–25.Google Scholar
Hui, Yuyu. 1979. “Dao cong churu li jianxin” [Through vicissitudes and hardship]. In Mianhuai Chen Yi, pp. 277–90.Google Scholar
Huiyi Chen Yi [Recollections of Chen Yi]. See chubanshe, Renmin, eds, 1980.Google Scholar
Huiyi Ye Ting [Recollections of Ye Ting]. See chubanshe, Renmin, eds. 1981.Google Scholar
Liansheng, Jiang et al. 1980. “Chongpo heiande laolong” [Breaking out from the dark cage]. In Wuhu, , pp. 82–101.Google Scholar
Jinrizhi moca [Today's friction]. 1940. Jinbushe.Google Scholar
Johnson, Chalmers. 1962. Peasant Nationalism and Communist Power: The Emergence of Revolutionary China, 1937–1945. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kreisberg, Paul H. 1952. “The New Fourth Army Incident and the United Front in China.” M.A. thesis, Columbia University.Google Scholar
Kuo, Warren. 1969–1971. Analytical History of the Chinese Communist Party. 4 vols. Taibei: Institute of International Relations.Google Scholar
Lai, Shaoqi. 1980. “Guoshang” [Dying young for one's country]. In Wuhu, , pp. 26–29.Google Scholar
Leng, Xin. 1967. Cong canjia kangzhan dao mudu Rijun touxiang [From first joining the resistance to witnessing the surrender of Japan's army]. Taibei: Zhuanji wenxue chubanshe.Google Scholar
Li, Ziming. 1979. “Youguan xinsijun Shanghai banshichude yixie qingkuang” [On the NFA's Shanghai office]. Dangshi ziliao congkan 1:80–83.Google Scholar
Lin, Yingxue. 1957. “Minxi shibian qianhoude huiyi” [Recollections of the West Fujian Incident]. In Jinshui, Wei et al. , Jinsha baodong.Google Scholar
Lin, Zhifu. 1980. “Wannan shibian qin liji” [Personal recollections of the South Anhui Incident]. In Wuhu, , pp. 47–61.Google Scholar
Liu, Tinghua. 1984. “Lüelun Wannan shibian zai junshi fangmiande lishi jiaoxun” [On the historical military lessons of the South Anhui Incident]. Shixue yuekan no. 5:80–83.Google Scholar
Ma, Hongwu. 1977. “Chen Yi tongzhi zai dajiangnanbeide zhandou shenghuo pianduan” [Episodes from Comrade Chen Yi's life of struggle north and south of the Yangzi]. Nanjing daxue xuebao (Shehui kexue ban) 1:11–15.Google Scholar
Ma, Hongwu. 1978. “KangRi jingqi dao Jiangnan—Chen Yi tongzhi dongjin Jiangnan kangRi huodong pianduan” [Resistance banners reach Jiangnan—Comrade Chen Yi goes east into Jiangnan to resist Japan]. Nanjing daxue xuebao (Shehui kexue) 4:39–43.Google Scholar
Ma, Hongwu. 1984. “Some Characteristics of the Financial and Economic Work of the Central China Anti-Japanese Base Areas.”Paper given at the International Symposium on the History of the Chinese Communist Bases in World War Two, Nankai University,Tianjin.August.Google Scholar
Mao, Tse-tung (Mao Zedong). 1965. Selected Works. 4 vols. Beijing: Foreign Languages Press.Google Scholar
Mao Zedong sixiang wansui [Long live Mao Zedong thought]. 1969.Google Scholar
Mianhuai Chen Yi [Recalling Chen Yi]. See chubanshe, Renmin, eds. 1979.Google Scholar
chubanshe, Renmin, eds. 1979. Renminde zhongcheng zhanshi—mianhuai Chen Yi tongzhi [A staunch people's soldier—recalling Chen Yi]. Shanghai: Renmin chubanshe.Google Scholar
chubanshe, Renmin, eds. 1980. Huiyi Chen Yi [Recollections of Chen Yi]. Beijing: Renmin chubanshe.Google Scholar
chubanshe, Renmin, eds. 1981. Huiyi Ye Ting [Recollections of Ye Ting]. Beijing: Renmin chubanshe.Google Scholar
Rosinger, Lawrence K. 1944. China's Wartime Politics. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Secretariat of the Supreme National Defence Council. 1944. Documents on the Problem of the CCP. Chongqing.Google Scholar
Shangrao jizhongying [Shangrao concentration camp]. 1955. Shanghai: Renmin chubanshe.Google Scholar
Shen, Zhongyu. 1983. “Guomindang Chuanxi jundui zai Anhui” [The Guomindang's Sichuan troops in Anhui]. Anhui wenshi ziliao 17:126–36.Google Scholar
Yan, Shi and Kebin, Wu. 1983. Chen Yi beidu [Chen Yi goes north]. Beijing: Zhanshi chubanshe.Google Scholar
Smedley, Agnes. 1944. Battle Hymn of China. London: Gollancz.Google Scholar
Smedley, Agnes. 1956. The Great Road: The Life and Times of Chu Te. New York: Monthly Review Press.Google Scholar
Song, Zhi. 1978. “Zai xinsijun dongjinde daolushang” (The NFA on the road east]. 2 parts. Geming wenwu 3 and 4.Google Scholar
Strong, Anna Louise. 1941. “The Kuomintang-Communist Crisis in China.” Amerasia 5, no. 1 (March).Google Scholar
Su, Shiping. 1950. Maojialing diyu [The hell at Maojialing]. Hankou.Google Scholar
Su, Yu. 1980. “Tingjin Subei yu Huangqiao zhandou” [Advancing into north Jiangsu and the Battle of Huangqiao]. Xinhua yuebao 6:55–67.Google Scholar
Sun, Zongrong. 1983. “Jiankude douzheng” [Harsh struggle]. In Fu, and Ye, , pp. 241–49.Google Scholar
Minoru, Takeuchi, ed. 1970–1971. Mao Zedong ji [Mao Zedong's collected works]. 9 vols. Tokyo: Hokubosha.Google Scholar
Minoru, Takeuchi, ed. 1984. Mao Zedong ji bujuan [Supplementary volumes to Mao Zedong's collected works]. Vol. 6. Tokyo: Hokubosha.Google Scholar
Tan, Xilin. 1961. “JiangHuai chunxiao” [Spring dawn on the Yangzi and the Huai]. Renmin ribao (August 22).Google Scholar
Tang, Xiqiang. 1981. “Wannan shibian dashiji” [Chronicle of events in south Anhui]. Anhui shida xuebao 3:31–43.Google Scholar
Yuanjie, Tang and Weixian, Liu. 1980. “Liu Shaoqi tongzhi zai xinsijun” [Comrade Liu Shaoqi at the NFA]. Shehui kexue 3:57–59.Google Scholar
Taosheng, chubanshe. 1941. Xinsijun shijian mianmian guan [The NFA Incident viewed from all sides]. Aomen: Taosheng chubanshe.Google Scholar
Van Slyke, Lyman P. 1967. Enemies and Friends: The United Front in Chinese Communist History. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Wang, Huangcao. 1959. “Liehuo lian yingxiong” [Heroes tempered in raging fire]. Hongqi piaopiao 11.Google Scholar
Wang, Jianmin. 1965. Zhongguo gongchandang shigao [Draft history of the Chinese Communist Party]. 3 vols. Taibei: Zhengzhong shuju.Google Scholar
Wang, Yuanjian. 1978. “Zai liehuo he rexuezhong yongsheng” [Eternal life in raging fire and righteous ardor]. Geming wenwu 4:6–11.Google Scholar
Wang, Ziliang. 1966. Zhexi kangzhan jilüe [Record of the resistance in west Zhejiang]. Taibei.Google Scholar
Wang, Zuokun. 1984. “Xiang Ying tongzhi zai xinsijun gongzuo qijiande gongguo” [Comrade Xiang Ying's merits and mistakes in the period of his NFA work]. Qi Lu xuekan (Qufu shiyuan xuebao) (Lu) 2:83–88.Google Scholar
Wang, Zuoyao. 1983. Dongzongyiye [The Dongjiang column]. Shaoguan: Guangdong renmin chubanshe.Google Scholar
Hongyun, Wei, ed. 1981. Zhongguo xiandaishi gao [A draft contemporary history of China]. 2 vols. Harbin: Heilongjiang renmin chubanshe.Google Scholar
Wen, Yangchun. 1941. “Xinsijun yu Jiangnan minzhong” [The NFA and the Jiangnan people]. Huajiang 4:6–9 (February 15).Google Scholar
Wenlian. See Wuhu shi wenlian.Google Scholar
Wenwuju. See Anhui sheng wenwuju.Google Scholar
White, Theodore H., and Jacoby, Annalee. 1946. Thunder out of China. New York: William Sloane.Google Scholar
WNSB. See Zhonggong zhongyang dangxiao chubanshe.Google Scholar
Wu, Su. 1980. “Dazhi dayong, baidai kaimo” [Wise and valiant, a model for a hundred generations]. In Huiyi Chen Yi, pp. 26–56.Google Scholar
Wu, Zhifen. 1981. “Shangguan Yunxiang xiji xinsijunde jingguo” [Shangguan Yunxiang's surprise attack on the NFA], In Wenwuju, , pp. 317–33.Google Scholar
Wuhu. See Anhui sheng Wuhu shi wenlian.Google Scholar
wenlian, Wuhu shi “Wannan yi ye” bianjizu. 1980. “Zhou Enlai tongzhi zai Wannan” [Comrade Zhou Enlai in south Anhui]. In Wuhu, , pp. 1–11.Google Scholar
Xiang, Ying. 1939. “Xinsijun yinianlai kangzhande jingyan yu jiaoxun” [Experiences and lessons of a year's resistance by the NFA]. In Xiang Ying jiangjun yanlunji, pp. 31–62. Jinhua: Jina chubanshe.Google Scholar
Xiang, Ying. 1940. Kangzhanyilaide xinsijun [The NFA in the resistance]. Xinsijun YuE tingjin zongdui zhengzhibu.Google Scholar
Xie, Zhongliang. 1983. “Chentongde huiyi” [Bitter memories]. In Fu, and Ye, , pp. 53–64.Google Scholar
Xu, Dixin. 1984. “Nanfangju tongzhan gongzuode huiyi” [Recollections of the South China Bureau's united front work]. Geming huiyilu 11:222–33.Google Scholar
Xu, Pingyu. 1980. “Zai Chen zong shenbiande rizili” [Days spent at the side of Commander Chen]. In Huiyi Chen Yi, pp. 166–74.Google Scholar
Zehao, Xu and Xiqiang, Tang. 1982. “Xiang Ying, Zhou Zikun lieshi bei hai jingguo jishi” [Account of the martyrdom of Xiang Ying and Zhou Zikun]. Dangshi yanjiu ziliao. Vol. 3, pp. 613–20. Chengdu: Sichuan renmin chubanshe.Google Scholar
shi, Yancheng “xinsijun chongjian junbu yihou” bianxuanzu, eds. 1983. Xinsijun chongjian junbu yihou [After the NFA re-established its headquarters]. Yancheng: Jiangsu renmin chubanshe.Google Scholar
Yang, Ming. 1980. “Wannan tuweiji” [Breaking out of the encirclement in south Anhui]. In Wuhu, , pp. 30–46.Google Scholar
Ye, Chao. 1981. “Wannan shibianzhongde Ye Ting junzhang” [Commander Ye Ting in the South Anhui Incident]. In Huiyi Ye Ting, pp. 74–94.Google Scholar
Ye, Chao. 1983. “Beizhuangde shisi” [A moving tragic epic]. In Fu, and Ye, , pp. 1–19.Google Scholar
Ye, Qinhe. 1981. “Wei min li jianku, dayi zhao qianqiu” [Suffering hardship for the people, his righteousness will shine for a thousand years]. In Huiyi Ye Ting, pp. 57–73.Google Scholar
Yin, Yang. 1950. Wannan tuweiji [Breaking out of the encirclement in south Anhui]. Shanghai: Xinhua shudian Huadong zongfendian.Google Scholar
Yin, Yang. 1983. “Wannan tuweiji” [Breaking out of the encirclement in south Anhui]. In Fu, and Ye, , pp. 33–52.Google Scholar
Yu, Gang. 1961. “‘Xinhuajun’ zai zhandou” [The “Xinhua army” in struggle]. Xinghuo liaoyuan 6:414–20.Google Scholar
Yuan, Guoping. 1940. “Lun jianchi dajiangnanbeide dihou kangzhan” [On maintaining the resistance behind enemy lines north and south of the Yangzi]. Balujun junzheng zazhi (May).Google Scholar
Yuan, Wenbing. 1982. “Wannan shibianzhong tuwei xuezhan jingguo” [The bloody battle to break out of the encirclement in the South Anhui Incident]. Fengzhan hongqi 1:108–23.Google Scholar
Yue, Yingming. 1981. “Gu Zhutongde fangong junshi yinmou” [Gu Zhutong's antiCommunist military conspiracy]. In Wenwuju, , pp. 310–17.Google Scholar
Zhai, Zhongqing. 1980. “Zhenguide mubei: ji Chen Yi tongzhi zai Maolin” [Precious tombstone: Comrade Chen Yi at Maolin]. In Wuhu, , pp. 12–21.Google Scholar
Aiping, Zhang et al. 1980. “Liu Shaoqi tongzhi zai Huazhong” [Comrade Liu Shaoqi in central China]. Xinhua yuebao (Wenzhai ban) 5:41–48.Google Scholar
Zhang, Daping. 1979. “Huiyi xinsijun Shanghai banshichu” [Memories of the NFA office in Shanghai]. Dangshi ziliao congkan 1:70–79.Google Scholar
Zhang, Riqing. 1957–1959. “Yehuo shaobujin—Wannan shibian huiyilu” [Not even a prairie fire can destroy the grass—memories of the South Anhui Incident], Hongqi piaopiao 2.Google Scholar
Zhang, Tao. 1985. “Lun Wannan xinsijunde beiyi luxian” (On the route north of the south Anhui NFA]. Zhongguo renmin jingguan daxue xuebao 1:43–46.Google Scholar
Zhang, Yuhui. 1980. “Jianxinde licheng” [Hardships]. In Wuhu, pp. 62–81.Google Scholar
Zhang, Yunlong. 1982. “Wannan tuweiji” [Breaking out of the encirclement in south Anhui]. Geming huiyilu 6:125–35.Google Scholar
Zhang, Zuomin. 1981. “Huiyi Ye Ting junzhang shengqian pianduan” [Recollections of Commander Ye Ting]. In Huiyi Ye Ting, pp. 141–45.Google Scholar
Zhao, Lingpo. 1939. “Liangge yue zhendi shoubeizhande jingyan” [Two months' garrison duty in positional warfare]. Shilun congkan 3:28–30.Google Scholar
Zheng, Desheng. 1982. “Xiang Ying zai Wannan shibianzhong” [Xiang Ying in the South Anhui Incident]. In junqu, Anhui sheng, pp. 89–93.Google Scholar
Zheng, Desheng. 1983. “Xiang Ying, Zhou Zikun yuhai qianhou” [The murder of Xiang Ying and Zhou Zikun]. In Fu, and Ye, , pp. 209–16.Google Scholar
bangongshi, Zhenjiang diqu Maoshan geming lishi jinianguan choubei xiaozu, eds. 1982. Xinsijun zai Maoshan—kangRi douzheng shi liaoxuan [The NFA in the Maoshan—materials on the history of the resistance to Japan]. Jiangsu renmin chubanshe.Google Scholar
Zhexuexi, “Ye Ting zhuanliie” bianxiezu, eds. 1978. “Ye Ting zhuanlue” [Ye Ting: A biographical sketch]. Part 2. Zhongshan daxue xuebao (Zhexue shehui kexue ban) 2:51–65.Google Scholar
Zhonggong Guangdong shengwei yanjiu weiyuanhui bangongshi, Guangdong sheng zhonggongdang shi renwu yanjiuhui, eds. 1983. Nan Yue yinglie zhuan [Biographies of Guangdong martyrs]. Vol. 1. Guangdong renmin chubanshe.Google Scholar
chubanshe, Zhonggong zhongyang dangxiao, eds. 1982. Wannan shibian [The South Anhui Incident]. Zhonggong zhongyang dangxiao chubanshe.Google Scholar
xuanbian, Zhonggong zhongyang dangxiao dangshi jiaoyanshi, eds. 1979. Zhonggong dangshi cankao ziliao [Reference materials on Chinese Communist Party history]. 8 vols. Beijing: Renmin chubanshe.Google Scholar
Zhongyang diaocha tongjiju. 1939. Xinsijun gaikuang zhaiyao [A summary of the situation of the NFA].Google Scholar
Zhou, Enlai. 1939. “Xin jieduande xin guanjian” [The new key to the new situation]. Shilun congkan 3:1–10.Google Scholar
Zhou, Lin. 1979. “KangRi jingqi zhanju kai” [Resistance banners unfold]. In Mianhuaiv Chen Yi, pp. 235–54.Google Scholar
Zhou, Luo. 1977. “‘Xinsijun'de chengli ji qi neibu fenqi’” [The founding of the “NFA” and its internal splits]. Gongdang tventi yanjiu 3, no. 12:44–50.Google Scholar
Zhou, Shaokun. 1983. “Tuwei lushang” [Breaking out of the encirclement]. In Fu, and Ye, , pp. 134–40.Google Scholar
Zhou, Ti. 1981. “Shenmou yuanlü, yiran dongjin” [Be careful and farsighted in planning, march resolutely east]. In Wenwuju, , pp. 152–53.Google Scholar
Zuxi, Zhou et al. 1983. “Wannan shibiande ruogan shishide chubu kaozheng” [Preliminary textual research on some historical issues in the South Anhui Incident]. Dangshi yanjiu 5:50–54.Google Scholar
Zhu, Yujin. 1982. “Huiyi Wannan shibianhou Zhou Enlai tongzhi zai nanfangjude jici jianghua” [Recollecting some speeches by Comrade Zhou Enlai in the South China Bureau after the South Anhui Incident]. Geming huiyilu 4:139–44.Google Scholar
Zhu, Yujin. 1983. “Wannan shibianhou Zhou fuzhuxi zai Hongyande jici jianghua” [Some speeches of Vice-Chairman Zhou at Hongyan after the South Anhui Incident]. In Chongqing, , pp. 114–21.Google Scholar