Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rcrh6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T04:55:56.067Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Presidential Address: Too Little and Too Much: Reflections on Muslims in the History of India

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 March 2010

Get access

Extract

I want to begin this evening by recalling my immediate predecessor as AAS president from the South Asian field, Barbara Stoler Miller, whose untimely death in 1992 took from us a distinguished Sanskritist, a gifted teacher, and a generous colleague whose absence we mourn. In my address I continue themes taken up by Barbara Miller four years ago (Miller 1991) as well as by Stanley Tambiah, as president from the Southeast Asian field, the year before (Tambiah 1990). Then, as now, scholars across the disciplines—whether, like Barbara Miller, a scholar of classical texts; or like Stanley Tambiah, an anthropologist; or myself, a historian of British India—have struggled to understand the religious nationalism of South Asia, one of whose most tragic outcomes has been an accelerating violence against the Muslim minority.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © The Association for Asian Studies, Inc. 1995

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

List of References

Ahmad, Aziz. 1963. “Epic and Counter-Epic in Medieval India.” Journal of the American Oriental Society 83.4:470–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Imtiaz, Ahmad, ed. 1981. Ritual and Religion Among Muslims in India. New Delhi: Manohar.Google Scholar
Ahmed, Rafiuddin. 1981. The Bengal Muslims, 1871–1906: A Quest for Identity. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Anderson, Benedict R. O'G. 1991. Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism. 2d edition. London and New York: Verso.Google Scholar
Asher, Catherine B. 1992. Architecture of Mughal India. New Cambridge History of India 1,4. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Bayly, Susan. 1989. Saints, Goddesses and Kings: Muslims and Christians in South Indian Society. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Beach, Milo Cleveland. 1981. The Imperial Image: Paintings for the Mughal Court. Washington, D.C.: Freer Gallery of Art, Smithsonian Institution.Google Scholar
Behl, Aditya. 1995. “The Landscape of Paradise: Malik Muhammad Jayasi and the Embodied City.” Paper delivered to the Ninth Annual South Asia Conference, University of California, Berkeley, 5 March.Google Scholar
Brown, Peter. 1981. The Cult of the Saints: Its Rise and Function in Latin Christianity. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Chakrabarty, Dipesh. 1992. “Postcoloniality and the Artifice of History: Who Speaks for the ‘Indian’ Pasts?” Representations 37:126.Google Scholar
Chakrabarty, Dipesh. 1994. “Modernity and Ethnicity in India.” South Asia, Special Issue: After Ayodha 17:143–56.Google Scholar
Chandra, Sudhir. 1992. The Oppressive Present: Literature and Social Consciousness in Colonial India. Delhi: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Chatterjee, Partha. 1993. The Nation and its Fragments: Colonial and Postcolonial Histories. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Cohn, Bernard S. 1987. “The Census, Social Structure and Objectification in South Asia.” In An Anthropologist among the Historians and Other Essays, pp. 224–56. Delhi: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Dale, Stephen Frederick. 1994. Indian Merchants and Eurasian Trade, 1600–1750. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davis, Richard H. 1994. “Somnath Reconstructed: Tracing a Communalised History.” Paper delivered at the 46th Annual Meeting of the Association for Asian Studies, 25 March, Boston.Google Scholar
Eaton, Richard M. 1993. The Rise of Islam and the Bengal Frontier, 1204–1760. Berkeley: University of California Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eaton, Richard M. 1994. “Indo-Muslim State Formation, Temple Descecration, and the Historiography of the Holy Warrior.” Paper delivered at the 46th Annual Meeting of the Association for Asian Studies, 25 March, Boston.Google Scholar
Eickelman, Dale F., and Piscatori, James, eds. 1990. Muslim Travellers: Pilgrimage, Migration and the Religious Imagination. London: Routledge and Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Fox, Richard. 1985. Lions of the Punjab: Culture in the Making. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Freitag, Sandria B. 1989. Collective Action and Community: Public Arenas and the Emergence of Communalism in North India. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Ghosh, Amitav. 1993. In an Antique Land. New York: A. A. Knopf.Google Scholar
Ghosh, Amitav. 1995. “The Fundamentalist Challenge.” The Wilson Quarterly 19.2:1931.Google Scholar
Gopal, Sarvepalli, ed. 1991. Anatomy of a Confrontation: The Babri Masjid-Ramjanmabhumi Issue. New Delhi: Penguin Books India.Google Scholar
Gopal, Sarvepalli, 1991–1992. “History and Politicians: Bjp Attack on the History Congress.” Frontline 8(26) (21 Dec. 1991–3 Jan 1992): 91.Google Scholar
Gopal, S., Thapar, Romila, and Chandra, Bipin. 1989. “The Political Abuse of History.” New Delhi: Centre for Historical Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University.Google Scholar
Hardy, Peter. 1972. The Muslims of British India. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hardy, Peter. 1984. “Didactic Historical Writing in Indian Islam.” In Islam in Asia, Vol. 1, pp. 3859. Jerusalem: The Magnus Press.Google Scholar
Hodgson, Marshall G. S. 1974. The Venture of Islam: Conscience and History in a World Civilization. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoffman, Steven A. 1993. “Historical Narrative and Nation-State in India.” Skidmore College: Typescript.Google Scholar
Humphreys, R. Stephen. 1995. “Islam in the Political Arena: Three Paradigms for the Future.” Paper delivered at Conference on Religious Forces in the New World [Dis]Order, 2325 February, Interdisciplinary Humanities Center, University of California, Santa Barbara.Google Scholar
Huntington, Samuel P. 1993. “The Clash of Civilizations?” Foreign Affairs (June):2249.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaviraj, Sudipta. 1992. “The Imaginary Institution of India.” In Subaltern Studies VII, edited by Chatterjee, Partha and Pandey, Gyanendra. Delhi: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Khalidi, Rashid. 1995. “Is There a Future for Middle East Studies?” (1994 MESA Presidential Address). Middle East Studies Association Bulletin 29.1:16.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kulke, Herman, and Rothermund, Dietmar. 1986. A History of India. Totowa, N. J.: Barnes and Noble.Google Scholar
Lelyveld, David. 1978. Aligarh's First Generation: Muslim Solidarity in British India. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Ludden, David. 1994. “History Outside Civilisation and the Mobility of South Asia.” South Asia 17.1:123.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Masud, M. Khalid. 1984. “Adab al-Mufti: The Muslim Understanding of Values, Characteristics, and Role of a. Mufti.” In Metcalf, Barbara Daly, ed., Moral Conduct and Authority: The Place of Adab in South Asian Islam, pp. 124–51. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Metcalf, Barbara D. ed. 1982. Moral Conduct and Authority: The Place of Adab in South Asian Islam. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Metcalf, Barbara D. 1987. “Islamic Arguments in Contemporary Pakistan.” In Roff, William R. and Eickelman, Dale F., eds., Islam and the Political Economy of Meaning: Comparative Studies of Muslim Discourse, pp. 132–59. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Metcalf, Thomas R. 1989. An Imperial Vision: Indian Architecture and Britain's Raj. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Metcalf, Thomas R. 1994. Ideologies of the Raj. New Cambridge History of India, III, 4. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Miller, Barbara Stoler. 1991. “Contending Narratives: The Political Life of the Indian Epics.” Journal of Asian Studies 50: 783–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mujeeb, M. 1967. The Indian Muslims. London: Allen and Unwin.Google Scholar
Naipaul, V. S. 1981. Among the Believers: An Islamic Journey. London: A. Deutsch.Google Scholar
Okada, Amina. 1992. Indian Miniatures of the Mughal Court. New York: H. N. Abrams.Google Scholar
Pandey, Gyanendra. 1990. The Colonial Construction of Communalism in Colonial North India Delhi: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Pandey, Gyanendra. 1994. “The New Hindu History.” South Asia, Special Issue: After Ayodha, 17:97112.Google Scholar
Prakash, Gyan. 1994. “AHR Forum: Subaltern Studies as Postcolonial Criticism.” American Historical Review (December): 1475–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Richards, J. F. 1984. “Norms of Comportment among Imperial Mughal Officers.” In Metcalf, Barbara Daly, ed., Moral Conduct and Authority: The Place of Adab in South Asian Islam, pp. 255–89. Berkeley: University of California Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roff, William R. 1985. “Islam Obscured? Some Reflections on Studies of Islam and Society in Southeast Asia.” Archipel 29:734.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roff, William R., and Eickelman, Dale F., eds. 1987. Islam and the Political Economy of Meaning: Comparative Studies of Muslim Discourse. London and Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Rudolph, Susanne, and Rudolph, Lloyd. 1983. “Rethinking Secularism: Genesis and Implications of the Textbook Controversy, 1977–79.” Pacific Affairs 56.1:1537.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rudolph, Susanne. 1995. “Now You See Them, Now You Don't: Historicizing the Salience of Religious Categories.” Paper delivered at conference on Religious Forces in the New World [Dis]Order, 2325 February, Interdisciplinary Humanities Center, University of California, Santa Barbara.Google Scholar
Said, Edward. 1978. Orientalism. New York: Pantheon.Google Scholar
Sen, Amartya. 1992. “Storm over Ayodhya.” New York Review of Books (14 May): 3739.Google Scholar
Sen, Amartya. 1993. “The Threats to Secular India.” New York Review of Books (8 April): 2632.Google Scholar
Srivastava, Sushil. 1991. The Disputed Mosque: A Historical Inquiry. New Delhi: Vistaar Publications.Google Scholar
Talbot, Cynthia. 1994. “From Mleccha to Asvapati: Representations of Muslims in Medieval Andhra.” Paper delivered at the 46th Annual Meeting of the Association for Asian Studies, 25 March, Boston. Revised version forthcoming in Comparative Studies in Society and History.Google Scholar
Tambiah, Stanley. 1990. “Presidential Address: Reflections on Communal Violence in South Asia.” Journal of Asian Studies 49(4):741–60.Google Scholar
Thapar, Romila. 1985. “Syndicated Mokhsa.” Seminar (New Delhi): 1422.Google Scholar
Romila, Thapar, Mukhia, Harbans, and Chandra, Bipan. 1968. Communalism and the Writing of Indian History Delhi: People's Publishing House.Google Scholar
Tilly, Louise. 1994. “Connections.” American Historical Review (February): 120.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Der Veer, Peter. 1994. Religious Nationalism: Hindus and Muslims in India. Berkeley: University of California Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Der Veer, Peter. 1988. Gods on Earth: The Management of Religious Experience and Identity in a North Indian Pilgrimage Center. London, Atlantic Highlands: Athlone Press.Google Scholar
Verma, G. L. n.d. Conversion of Hindu Temples (1000–1800 a.d.) Delhi: Shabad Prakashan.Google Scholar
Wagoner, Philip B. 1994. “Understanding Islam at Vijayanagara.” Paper delivered at the 46th Annual Meeting of the Association for Asian Studies, 25 March, Boston.Google Scholar
Wagoner, Philip B. 1995. “Sultan of Hindu Kings: Court Dress and the Islamicization of Hindu Culture at Vijayanagara.” Paper delivered at conference on Shaping Indo-Muslim Identity in Pre-modern India, 2023 April. Triangle South Asia Consortium, Duke University.Google Scholar
Welch, Stuart Cary. 1978. Imperial Mughal Painting. New York: George Brazilier.Google Scholar