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The Philippine Barrio*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 March 2011

John H. Romani
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Extract

The primary unit in the hierarchy of Philippine local government is the barrio. The term, barrio, is employed to describe any and all sub-units of the municipalities which lie outside the poblacion (municipal center) as well as sub-divisions of some of the smaller chartered cities. This double use of the term leads to confusion, for the rural barrio differs considerably from a barrio located within an urban or semi-urban area. The latter closely resembles a ward or precinct in a small American city, while the former is more akin to the prototype of an Asian village. In this paper, barrio will be used only in reference to the rural units and where mentioned is made of barrios which are city units, the distinction will be made.

Type
Articles
Information
The Journal of Asian Studies , Volume 15 , Issue 2 , February 1956 , pp. 229 - 237
Copyright
Copyright © The Association for Asian Studies, Inc. 1956

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References

1 Romani, John H. and Thomas, M. Ladd, A Survey of Local Government in the Philippines (Manila, 1954), p. 12.Google Scholar

2 See Rivera, Generoso P. and McMillan, Robert T., The Rural Philippines (Manila, 1952), pp. 47–101Google Scholar; and Rivera, and McMillan, , An Economic and Social Survey of Rural Households in Central Luzon (Manila, 1954), pp. 14–46.Google Scholar

3 Hawley, Amos H., Papers in Demography and Public Administration (Manila, rev. ed., 1954), p. 45.Google Scholar

4 Hawley, , p. 28.Google Scholar

5 The principal sources of information for the history of the barrio are: Alip, Eufronio M., Political and Cultural History of the Philippines (Manila, 1950)Google Scholar; Laurel, Jose P., Local Government in the Philippines (Manila, 1926)Google Scholar; and Romani and Thomas.

6 See Sec. 2166, Revised Administrative Code of the Philippines (Manila: Bureau of Printing, 1951)Google Scholar (hereinafter cited as RAC), and Romani, and Thomas, , p. 4.Google Scholar

7 Cortez, Emiliano P., Provincial and Municipal Law of the Philippines (Manila, 1952)Google Scholar, passim.

8 Power to create local governments resides both in the Congress and the President. See Sec. 68, RAC, and Cortez, p. 13. Procedures and standards are outlined by the central government. See Provincial circular No. 321, Feb. 16, 1938, Department of the Interior.

9 Sees. 2218–2219, RAC.

10 The Rural Philippines, p. 157.Google Scholar

11 The Rural Philippines, p. 159.Google Scholar

12 Republic Act 133.

13 Sec. 2219½, RAC.

14 The Rural Philippines, p. 157.Google Scholar

15 Romani, and Thomas, , p. 33.Google Scholar

16 Romani, and Thomas, , pp. 31–33Google Scholar; The Rural Philippines, p. 206Google Scholar (Table 48).

17 Executive Order 347, Sept. 22, 1950.

18 The Rural Philippines, p. 206Google Scholar (Table 49).

19 Republic Acts 1062 and 1063, June 12, 1954.