Hostname: page-component-6bf8c574d5-9nwgx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-02-17T15:09:58.071Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

British versus Princely Legacies and the Political Integration of Gujarat

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 March 2011

John R. Wood
Get access

Abstract

The political integration of British India and princely India is generally assumed to be an accomplished fact, but in contemporary Indian states that contain both ex-British and ex-princely territory and population the different legacies of British and princely rule remained influential long after independence and merger. Analysis of the de facto political integration of Gujarat between 1943 and 1969 reveals five stages of bargaining between ex-British and ex-princely nationalist elites. At each stage the interests of these elites—schooled in contrasting historical-political traditions—had to be consulted and compensated; the results can be discerned in the differential electoral behavior of the ex-British-dominated Mainland and ex-princely Saurashtra regions. Eventually, the political resources and training of Mainland politicians proved more appropriate for universal franchise politics than did those of the exprincely Saurashtrians. However, as of. 1969, the objective of an integrated political community in Gujarat was still to be achieved.

Type
Articles
Information
The Journal of Asian Studies , Volume 44 , Issue 1 , November 1984 , pp. 65 - 99
Copyright
Copyright © Association for Asian Studies, Inc. 1984

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

List of References

Ake, Claude. 1967. A Theory of Political Integration. Homewood, Ill.: Dorsey.Google Scholar
Alexandrowicz, Charles H. 1957. Constitutional Development in India. London: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Ashton, S. R. 1982. British Policy Towards the Indian States, 1905–1939. London: Curzon.Google Scholar
Ayer, S. A. 1960. The Lone Sentinel: Glimpses of Morarji Desai. Bombay: Popular Book Depot.Google Scholar
Bailey, F. C. 1963. Politics and Social Change: Orissa in 1959. Berkeley: University of California Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baxter, Craig, comp. 1969. District Trends in India: A Research Tool. New York: Columbia University, Southern Asian Institute.Google Scholar
Bhatt, Anil. 1967. “Power Patterns: Gujarat.” Seminar no. 95 (July):25–29.Google Scholar
Blunt, Edward. 1937. The Indian Civil Service. London: Faber and Faber.Google Scholar
Buch, D. M., et al. 1967. Reminiscences of Shri N. M. Buch I.C.S. Rajkot: Self-published.Google Scholar
Chudgar, P. L. 1929. Indian Princes Under British Protection: A Study of Their Personal Rule, Their Constitutional Position, and Their Future. London: Williams and Norgate.Google Scholar
Copland, Ian. 1981. The British Raj and the Indian Princes: Paramountcy in Western India, 1858–1930. Bombay: Orient Longman.Google Scholar
Das Gupta, Jyotirindra. 1970. Language Conflict and National Development: Politics and National Language Policy in India. Berkeley. University of California Press.Google Scholar
Desai, Mahadev H. 1951. A Righteous Struggle. Ahmedabad: Navajivan Press.Google Scholar
Desai, Mahadev H. 1957. The Story of Bardoli. Ahmedabad: Navajivan Publishing House. Reprint of first edition (1929).Google Scholar
Desai, Morarji. 1974. The Story of My Life. 3 vols. Delhi: Macmillan.Google Scholar
Deutsch, Karl W. 1957. Political Community and the North Atlantic Area. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Etzioni, Amitai. 1965. Political Unification: A Comparative Study of Leaders and Forces. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.Google Scholar
Gillion, Kenneth L. 1971. “Gujarat in 1919.” In Kumar, R., éd., Essays on Gandhian Politics: The Rowlett Satyagraha of 1919, pp. 126–44. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Government of India (GOI). 1950. Rev. ed. Ministry of States. White Paper On Indian States. Delhi: Manager of Publications.Google Scholar
Government of India (GOI). 1960. Ministry of Law. The Bombay Reorganization Act, 1960. New Delhi: General Manager, Government of India Press.Google Scholar
Government of India (GOI). 1966. Gujarat Census Atlas. Census of India, 1961. Vol. 5, part 9. Delhi: Manager of Publications.Google Scholar
Gwyer, M., and Appadorai, A., eds. 1957. Speeches and Documents on the Indian Constitution, 1921–1947. Vol. 2. London: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Haas, Ernst B. 1968. The Uniting of Europe. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Handa, R. L. 1968. History of the Freedom Struggle in Princely States. Delhi: Central News Agency.Google Scholar
Hardiman, David. 1981. Peasant Nationalists of Gujarat: Kheda District, 1917–1934. Delhi: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Jacob, Philip E., and Toscano, James V., eds. 1964. The Integration of Political Communities. Philadelphia: Lippincott.Google Scholar
Jeffrey, Robin, ed. 1978. People, Princes, and Paramount Power: Society and Politics in the Indian Princely States. Delhi: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Khan, Rasheeduddin. 1973. “The Regional Dimension.” Seminar, no. 164(April): 33–45.Google Scholar
Kochanek, Stanley A. 1968. The Congress Party of India: The Dynamics of One-Party Democracy. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kogekar, S. V., and Park, Richard L., eds. 1954. Reports on the Indian General Elections, 1951–1952. Bombay: Popular Book Depot.Google Scholar
Report, Kotval. 1959. Report of the Commission of Inquiry (of Shri Justice S. P. Kotval) on the Cases of Police Firing at Ahmedabad on the 12th, 13th, and 14th August, 1958. Bombay: Director, Government Printing, Publications, and Stationery.Google Scholar
SirLee-Warner, William. 1910. The Native States of India. London: Macmillan.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Majmudar, M. R. 1960. Historical and Cultural Chronology of Gujarat. Baroda: M.S. University.Google Scholar
Majmudar, M. R. 1965. Cultural History of Gujarat. Bombay: Popular Prakashan.Google Scholar
Manor, James. 1977. Political Change in an Indian State: Mysore, 1910–1955. A.N.U. Monographs on South Asia, no. 2. Canberra: Australian National University.Google Scholar
Maru, Rushikesh. 1965. “Fall of a Traditional Congress Stronghold.” The Economic Weekly, June 19, pp. 987–1000.Google Scholar
Menon, V. P. 1961. The Story of the Integration of the Indian States. 3rd. edition. Calcutta: Orient Longman.Google Scholar
Mishra, R. R. 1961. Effects of Land Reform in Saurashtra. Bombay: Vora and Co.Google Scholar
Misra, S. C. 1963. The Rise of Muslim Power in Gujarat: A History of Gujarat from 1298 to 1442. London: Asia Publishing House.Google Scholar
Munshi, K. M. 1954. Glory That Was Gurjara Desa (A.D. 550–1300). Bombay: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan.Google Scholar
Nightingale, Pamela. 1970. Trade and Empire in Western India, 1784–1806. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
O'Malley, L. S. S. 1965. The Indian Civil Service, 1601–1930. London: Frank Cass.Google Scholar
Parikh, Rasikbhai. 1968. “Kathiawad Rajkiya Parishad.” Phuulchaab. April 21.Google Scholar
Patel, Sardar Vallabhbhai. 1949. On Indian Problems. Delhi: Ministry of Information and Broadcasting.Google Scholar
Pathak, Devavrat N. 1967. “State Politics in Gujarat: Some Determinants.” In Narain, Iqbal, ed., State Politics in India, pp. 122–33. Meerut: Meenakshi Prakashan.Google Scholar
Pathak, Devavrat N., et al. 1966. Three General Elections in Gujarat: Development of a Decade, 1952–1962. Ahmedabad: Gujarat University.Google Scholar
Pearson, M. N. 1976. Merchants and Rulers in Gujarat: The Response to the Portuguese in the Sixteenth Century. Berkeley: University of California Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Phadnis, Urmila. 1968. Towards the Integration of Indian States, 1919–1947. Bombay: Asia Publishing House.Google Scholar
“Rajkiya Gujarat.” 1968. Vishwamanav, no. 89 (May):5–47.Google Scholar
Ramusack, Barbara N. 1978. The Princes of India in the Twilight of Empire: Dissolution of a Patron-Client System, 1914–1939. Columbus: Ohio State University Press.Google Scholar
Richter, William L. 1973. “Aspects of Political Change in Post-Princely India.” Journal of Constitutional and Parliamentary Studies 7, 2(April-June): 117–33.Google Scholar
Richter, William L. 1975. “Electoral Patterns in Post-Princely India.” In Weiner, Myron and Field, John O., eds., Studies in Electoral Politics in the Indian States. Vol. 3, Three Disadvantaged Sectors, pp. 1–77. Delhi: Manohar Book Service.Google Scholar
Riker, William H. 1962. The Theory of Political Coalitions. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Riker, William H. 1964. Federalism: Origin, Operation, Significance. Boston: Little, Brown.Google Scholar
Rudolph, Lloyd I., and Rudolph, Susanne H.. 1968. “The Political Modernization of an Indian Feudal Order: An Analysis of Rajput Adaptation in Rajasthan.” journal of Social Issues 24, 4:93–127.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sisson, Richard. 1972. The Congress Party in Rajasthan: Political Integration and Institution Building in an Indian State. Berkeley: University of California Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spodek, Howard. 1972. “Injustice to Saurashtra: A Case Study of Regional Tensions and Harmonies in India.” Asian Survey 12, 5(May):416–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spodek, Howard. 1976. Urban-Rural Integration in Regional Development: A Case Study of Saurashtra, India—1800–1960. Department of Geography Research Paper, no. 171. Chicago: University of Chicago.Google Scholar
States Reorganisation Commission (S.R.C.). 1955. Report of the States Reorganisation Commission. Delhi: Manager of Publications.Google Scholar
Stern, Robert. 1970. The Process of Opposition in India: Two Case Studies of How Policy Shapes Politics. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Thompson, Edward. 1945. The Making of the Indian Princes. London: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Tinker, Hugh. 1954. The Foundation of Local Self-Government in India, Pakistan, and Burma. London: Athlone.Google Scholar
Vakil, C. N., et al. 1953. Economic Survey of Saurashtra. Rajkot: Government of Saurashtra.Google Scholar
Windmiller, Marshall. 1956. “The Politics of States Reorganization in India: The Case of Bombay.” Far Eastern Survey 25, 9(September): 129–43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wood, John R. 1978. “Indian Nationalism in the Princely Context: The Rajkot Satyagraha of 1938–1939.” In Jeffrey, Robin, ed., People, Princes, and Paramount Power: Society and Politics in the Indian Princely States, pp. 240–74.Google Scholar