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The Kiangsi Soviet Period—A Bibliographical Review on the Ch'en Ch'eng Collection

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 March 2011

Tien-wei Wu
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Abstract

The Kiangsi Soviet period, the second phase of the Chinese Communist movement, began with the establishment of the Chingkangshan base by Mao Tse-tung in late 1927 and ended in the “Long March” in October 1934. The study of this important period had long remained sketchy because of lack of materials. With the release of the Ch'en Ch'eng Collection—a collection of Communist documents, papers, and publications from the Kiangsi Soviet period—in 21 microfilm reels, a comprehensive study of this period is possible for the first time. The bulk of materials of the Collection falls in the years, 1930–1934. The Collection contains over 70 periodicals, six of which were published with regularity and duration. Scattered in several journals, we found 17 articles from the pen of Mao Tsc-tung, which are not included in his Selected Works (Peking, 1965). The materials cover a variety of subjects from the Soviet congresses, the establishment of the Soviet economy, peasantry and labor, the intraparty struggle to the Red Army and its many campaigns against the Chinese Nationalists. Major works in all these areas are briefly introduced here.

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Articles
Information
The Journal of Asian Studies , Volume 29 , Issue 2 , February 1970 , pp. 395 - 412
Copyright
Copyright © The Association for Asian Studies, Inc. 1970

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References

1 A Japanese bibliography on the Ch'en Ch'eng Collection has been published by the Modern China Research Center (Kindai Chugōku kenkyū sentā, Kōsei sobietto banket shiryō mokuroku [Bibliography on materials of the Kiangsi Soviet relations, Tokyo], 1963). Helpful as it is, the bibliography is far from adequate. This bibliography lists less entries than the original but in Reels III and IV gives many separate, individual entries which have been grouped together as one single entry in the original. Moreover, following the original, it lists five entries for Reel XX and three entries for Reel XXI, which virtually give no information for what are contained in these reels.

2 See Chung-hua Su-wei-ai kung-ho kuo ti-erh tz'u tai-piao ta-hui wen-hsien (Documents of the Chinese Second National Soviet Congress) (Council of People's Commissars, 03 1934)Google Scholar, in Reel XVI, p. 90; Hung-se Chung-hua, special issue, No. 3 (01 26, 1934)Google Scholar, in Reel XVII.

3 For the work of the Commission, see Tso-liang, Hsiao, Power Relations within the Chinese Communist Movement, 1930–1934 (Seattle, 1961)Google Scholar, Chap. V.

4 A summary of the Outline is given in Ch'en Ch'eng (comp.), Ch'ih-fei fan-tung wen-chien huipien (A collection of Red bandit reactionary documents), in microfilm at the Hoover Institution, III, 670–72.

5 Besides the Red Army College, there was the School of Marxism, which was sometimes called the College of Marxism.

6 Mao Tse-tung, Selected Works, I, 90. 104n. The land laws of 1928 and 1929 of the early Chingkangshan period are given in Mao Tse-tung, Nung-ts'un tiao-ch'a (Rural survey), originally published in 1941; n.p.: Chieh-fang she, 1949, pp. 91–95. Professor Hsiao Tso-liang in his new book, The Land Revolution in China, 1930–1934: A Study of Documents (Seattle: Univ. of Washington Press, 1969), gives the most extensive and comprehensive coverage of the subject. Of the 117 documents Professor Hsiao selected for annotation and exegesis, 7 are taken from Mao's Nung-ts'un tiao-ch'a, ibid., 3 from the Bureau of Investigation Collection in Taiwan, and 3 from Ch'en Ch'eng, Ch'ih-fei fan-tung wen-chien hui-pien, loc. cit., while the rest are taken from the Ch'en Ch'eng Collection. Except for three documents (78, 91, and 115) which this writer is unable to locate, the other 101 documents are found in the following reels of the Collection:

7 Chu, Kung, Wo-yü hung-chün (The Red Army and I) (Hong Kong, 1956), pp. 235–36.Google Scholar

8 For a recent discussion, see Kuo, Warren, Analytical History of The Chinese Communist Party (Taipei, 1968), II, 437–47.Google Scholar

9 Chu, Kung, p. 407Google Scholar; cf. “Our Victory,” issued by the CCP, November 30, 1934 (Reel I).