Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-xbtfd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-02T22:56:18.844Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Activism and Identities in an East Kalimantan Dayak Organization

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 February 2007

Get access

Abstract

In 1999, the East Kalimantan Dayak Association convened a watershed conference in Samarinda, Indonesia, that was attended by indigenous people from across the province. The conference, which was intended to nurture an emerging indigenous solidarity that aimed to transcend narrower loyalties, included sessions on organizational reform. This article examines the ongoing process of organizational rationalization within the association and investigates how that process comports with the evolving vision of indigenous solidarity that its leaders promote. It addresses challenges to that vision offered by constituents and others. The article also explores the role of symbols drawn from the social and natural worlds in fostering the development of an ethnic identity. The article reveals a paradox in the way that ethnicity is framed within the organization—one that invites comparison with the methods and goals of other indigenous and pan-indigenous movements.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Association for Asian Studies, Inc. 2007

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

List of References

Adhiati, M. Adriana Sri, and Armin, Bobsien, eds. 2000. “Indonesia's Transmigration Programme—An Update.” Down to Earth 46. http://dte.gn.apc.org/ctrans.htm [accessed October 31, 2006]Google Scholar
Ary Yasir, Pilipus. 2000. “Perobahan Lingkungan Yang Tidak Menguntungkan Dalam Pengelolaan Dan Pembakalan Hutan di Kalimantan Timur.” In Borneo 2000: Proceedings of the Sixth Biennial Borneo Research Conference, ed. Michael, Leigh, 8286. Sarawak, Malaysia: Institute for East Asian Studies.Google Scholar
Aspinall, Edward, and Greg, Fealy, eds. 2003. Local Power and Politics in Indonesia: Decentralisation and Democratisation. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barnes, R. H., Andrew, Gray, and Benedict, Kingsbury, eds. 1995. Indigenous Peoples of Asia. Monograph and Occasional Paper No. 48.Ann Arbor, Mich.: Association for Asian Studies.Google Scholar
Barth, Fredrik. 1969. Ethnic Groups and Boundaries: The Social Organization of Culture Difference. London: Allen and Unwin.Google Scholar
Batteau, Alan. 2000. “Negations and Ambiguities in the Cultures of Organizations.” American Anthropologist 102 (4): 726–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bell, Gary. 2001. “The New Indonesian Laws Relating to Regional Autonomy: Good Intentions, Confusing Laws.” Asian-Pacific Law and Policy Journal 2 (1): 144.Google Scholar
Boulanger, Claire. 2000. “On Dayak, Orang Ulu, Bidayuh, and Other Imperfect Ethnic Categories in Sarawak.” In Borneo 2000: Proceedings of the Sixth Biennial Borneo Research Conference, ed. Leigh, Michael4466. Sarawak, Malaysia: Sarawak Development Institute.Google Scholar
Cohen, Abner. 1969. Custom and Politics in Urban Africa: A Study of Hausa Migrants in Yoruba Towns. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Conley, William. 1976. The Kalimantan Kenyah: A Study of Tribal Conversion in Terms of Dynamic Cultural Themes. Nutley, N.J.: Presbyterian and Reformed Publishing.Google Scholar
Connolly, Jennifer. 2004. “Becoming Christian and Dayak: A Study of Christian Conversion among Dayaks in East Kalimantan, Indonesia.” Ph.D. thesis. New School University.Google Scholar
Crain, Jay, and Vicki, Pearson-Rounds. 2000. “Constructing the Lun Dayeh: Contradictions Past and Present.” In Borneo 2000: Proceedings of the Sixth Biennial Borneo Research Conference, ed. Leigh, Michael, 2343. Sarawak, Malaysia: Institute for East Asian Studies.Google Scholar
Degenne, Alain, and Michel, Forsé. 1999. Introducing Social Networks. Trans. Borges, Arthur. London: Sage.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dentan, Robert, Kirk Endicott, Alberto Gomes, and Hooker, M. B.. 1997. Malaysia and the “Original People”: A Case Study of the Impact of Development on Indigenous Peoples. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.Google Scholar
Dove, Michael. 1997. “Dayak Anger Ignored.” Inside Indonesia 51: 1314.Google Scholar
Fulcher, Mary. 1983. “Avoidance and Ambiguity in Inter-Ethnic Relations: Population Resettlement in East Kalimantan.” Borneo Research Bulletin 15 (2): 108–13.Google Scholar
Guibernau, Monstserrat, and John, Rex. 1997. The Ethnicity Reader: Nationalism, Multiculturalism, and Migration. Malden, Mass.: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Hall, Stuart. 1986. “On Postmodernism and Articulation: An Interview with Stuart Hall.” Journal of Communication Inquiry 10 (2): 4560.Google Scholar
Human Rights Watch. 1999. Communal Violence in West Kalimantan. New York: Human Rights Watch.Google Scholar
Ilun, Y. Nathan. 1983. Rapat Damai Di Tumbang Anoi [Peace Conference at Tumband Anoi]. Palangka Raya: Balai Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat Universitas Palangka Raya.Google Scholar
Kahn, Joel, ed. 1998. Southeast Asian Identities: Culture and the Politics of Representation in Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand. New York: St. Martin's Press.Google Scholar
Kaltim, Pos. 1999. “Putra Daerah Jangan Diartikan Suku Asli” [Don't Construe Regional Son as Original Tribe]. October 31.Google Scholar
Kalimantan, Review. 1999. “Participate Mapping for the Conservation and the Preservation Justice and Natural Resources.” English, ed., 2: 2325.Google Scholar
Kammerer, Cornelia, and Nicola, Tannenbaum, eds. 1996. Merit and Blessing in Mainland Southeast Asia in Comparative Perspective. Southeast Asian Studies Monograph No. 45. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University.Google Scholar
Kelly, John D., and Martha, Kaplan. 2001. Represented Communities: Fiji and World Decolonization. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Keyes, Charles, ed. 1981. Ethnic Change. Seattle: University of Washington Press.Google Scholar
King, Victor. 1993. The Peoples of Borneo. Oxford, U.K.: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Kipp, Rita. 1993. Dissociated Identities: Ethnicity, Religion, and Class in an Indonesian Society. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kreps, Christina. 2003. Liberating Culture: Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Museums, Curation, and Heritage Preservation. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Li, Tania Murray. 2000. “Articulating Indigenous Identity in Indonesia: Resource Politics and the Tribal Slot.” Comparative Studies in Society and History 42 (1): 149–79.Google Scholar
Li, Tania Murray. 2001. “Masyarakat Adat, Difference, and the Limits of Recognition in Indonesia's Forest Zone.” Modern Asian Studies 35 (3): 645–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Löffler, Ulrich. 1996. Land Tenure Developments in Indonesia. Eschborn: Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Technische Zummenarbeit GmbH.Google Scholar
Magenda, Burhan. 1991. East Kalimantan: The Decline of a Commercial Aristocracy. Modern Indonesia Project Monograph No. 70. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University, Southeast Asia Program.Google Scholar
Maybury-Lewis, David. 2002. Indigenous Peoples, Ethnic Groups, and the State, 2nd edition. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.Google Scholar
Miles, Douglas. 1976. Cutlass & Crescent Moon: A Case Study in Social and Political Change in Outer Indonesia. Sydney: University of Sydney Centre for Asian Studies.Google Scholar
Moniaga, Sandra. 1993. “Towards Community-Based Forestry and Recognition of Adat Property Rights.” In Legal Frameworks for Forest Management in Asia: Case Studies of Community/State Relations, ed. Fox, Jefferson, 131–50. Honolulu: East–West Center, Program on Environment.Google Scholar
Moniaga, Sandra. 1998. “Advocating for Community-Based Forest Management in Indonesia's Outer Islands: Political and Legal Constraints and Opportunities.” In IGES International Workshop on Forest Conservation for the Asia and Pacific Region, 120–31. Japan: Institute for Global Environmental Strategies.Google Scholar
Nagata, Judith. 1981. “In Defense of Ethnic Boundaries: The Changing Myths and Charters of Malay Identity.” In Ethnic Change, ed. Keyes, Charles, 87116. Seattle: University of Washington Press.Google Scholar
Oakes, Tim. 2000. “China's Provincial Identities: Reviving Regionalism and Reinventing ‘Chineseness.’Journal of Asian Studies 59 (3): 667–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ortner, Sherry. 1973. “On Key Symbols.” American Anthropologist 75 (5): 1338–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peluso, Nancy and Emily, Harwell. 2001. “Territory, Custom, and the Cultural Politics of Ethnic War in West Kalimantan, Indonesia.” In Violent Environments, ed. Peluso, Nancy and Watts, Michael83116. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Pemberton, John. 1994. On the Subject of “Java.” Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pieterse, Jan. 1996. “Varieties of Ethnic Politics and Ethnicity Discourse.” In The Politics of Difference: Ethnic Premises in a World of Power, ed. Wilmsen, Edwin and McAllister, Patrick2544. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Roosens, Eugeen. 1989. Creating Ethnicity: The Process of Ethnogenesis. Newbury Park, Calif.: Sage Publications.Google Scholar
Rutherford, Danilyn. 2003. Raiding the Land of the Foreigners: The Limits of the Nation on an Indonesian Frontier. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schiller, Anne. 1997a. Small Sacrifices: Religious Change and Cultural Identity among the Ngaju of Indonesia. New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schiller, Anne. 1997b. “Religion and Identity in Central Kalimantan: The Case of the Ngaju Dayaks.” In Indigenous Peoples and the State, ed. Winzeler, Robert, 180200. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Schiller, Anne. 2001a. “Talking Heads: Capturing Dayak Deathways on Film.” American Ethnologist 28 (1): 3255.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schiller, Anne. 2001b. “Pampang Culture Village and International Tourism in East Kalimantan, Indonesian Borneo.” Human Organization 60 (4): 414–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schiller, Anne. 2001c. “Religione e la Lotta Politica degli Indigeni nel Kalimantan: Commenti dal Campo[Religion and the Political Struggle of Indigenous People in Kalimantan: Notes from the Field]. Quaderni Asiatici 55/57: 201–12.Google Scholar
Schiller, Anne, and Bambang, Garang. 2002. “Religion and Interethnic Violence in Indonesia.” Journal of Contemporary Asia 32 (2): 244–54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sebilang, Barnabas. 1999. “Pernyataan Penghapusan Kelas Demulun Dalam Masyarakat Lun Dayeh.” Unpublished statement.Google Scholar
Sellato, Bernard. 1994. Nomads of the Borneo Rainforest: The Economics, Politics, and Ideology of Settling Down. Trans. Morgan, Stephanie. Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sharp, John. 1996. “Ethnogenesis and Ethnic Mobilization: A Comparative Perspective on a South African Dilemma.” In The Politics of Difference: Ethnic Premises in a World of Power, ed. Wilmsen, Edwin and McAllister, Patrick85103. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Suara Kaltim. 2000. “Putra Daerah Diutamakan.” April 5.Google Scholar
Suara Kaltim. 2001a. “Tokoh Gado-gado” [Vegetable Salad Personage]. March 21.Google Scholar
Suara Kaltim. 2001b. “PDKT ‘Gerilya’ Rendam Konflik Lapisan Bawah” [PDKT “Guerilla” Submerges the Bottom Class Conflict]. March 22.Google Scholar
Suparlan, Parsudi. 2000. “Ethnic and Religious Conflicts in Indonesia.” In Borneo 2000: Proceedings of the Sixth Biennial Borneo Research Conference, ed. Leigh, Michael, 97125. Sarawak, Malaysia: Institute for East Asian Studies.Google Scholar
Suryadinata, Leo, Evi, Arifin, and Aris, Ananta. 2003. Indonesia's Population: Ethnicity and Religion in a Changing Political Landscape. Indonesia's Population Series No. 1. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sutlive, Vinson. 1978. The Iban of Sarawak. Arlington Heights, Ill.: AHM.Google Scholar
Tambiah, Stanley. 1985. Culture, Thought, and Social Action: An Anthropological Perspective. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tien, Thomas et al. 2000. “Quo Vadis Dayak Islam.” Kalimantan Review 55 (5): 46.Google Scholar
Tsing, Anna. 1993. In the Realm of the Diamond Queen: Marginality in an Out-of-the-Way Place. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Turner, Victor. 1967. The Forest of Symbols. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Urano, Mariko. 2002. “Appropriation of Cultural Symbols and Peasant Resistance Movements to Timber Industry in East and West Kalimantan, Indonesia.” Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association, Boston, Mass.Google Scholar
van Kleijnenbreugel, H. 1987. Sejarah Paroki “Kristus Raja” Barong Tongkok 19371987 [History of “Christ the King” Barong Tongkok Parish]. Samarinda: Publisher unknown.Google Scholar
van Klinken, Gerry. 2002. “Indonesia's New Ethnic Elites.” In Indonesia: In Search of Transition, ed. Henk Schulte, Nordholt and Abdullah, Irwan, 67105. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.Google Scholar
West Kalimantan Solidarity, Foundation. 2000. Homepage. http://www.dayakology.com [accessed October 31, 2006].Google Scholar
Winzeler, Robert, ed. 1997. Indigenous Peoples and the State: Politics, Land, and Ethnicity in the Malayan Peninsula and Borneo. Southeast Asian Studies Monograph No. 46. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University.Google Scholar
Winzeler, Robert, ed. 1998. Indigenous Architecture in Borneo: Traditional Patterns and New Developments. Proceedings Series No. 5. Williamsburg, VA: Borneo Research Council.Google Scholar
Winzeler, Robert. 2004. The Architecture of Life and Death in Borneo. Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press.Google Scholar
Wolf, Eric. 1982. Europe and the People Without History. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.Google Scholar