Hostname: page-component-7bb8b95d7b-fmk2r Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-09-07T04:13:15.775Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Studies of the permanent incisor eruption, and body development, of the Large East African Zebu (Boran): 2. Relations of incisor eruption with body growth, body development, and carcass composition

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

A. B. Carles  and
K. Meidie Lampkin
A. B. Carles
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Production, University of Nairobi, P.O Box 29053, Kabete, Kenya
K. Meidie Lampkin
Affiliation:
East African Veterinary Research Organization, P.O. Kabete, Kenya
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

A comparison was made of the growth curves for early and late eruptors (steers whose eruption age of the first incisor pair was less than the mean, and greater than the mean respectively). From birth to 195 weeks early eruptors were consistently heavier than late eruptors (P < 0·01) by approximately 4% of the overall mean body weight. Growth was linear from birth up to 126 weeks of age, and the variability increased markedly from about 60 weeks of age.

The average daily gain from birth to 195 weeks was 341 g. Linear growth-rates for consecutive stages within this period were generally faster for early eruptors, with the differences ranging between 4 and 6% of the mean for periods exceeding 60 weeks. Comparison of these differences showed that linear growth-rates were only significantly different for growth periods of approximately 120 weeks and longer. When the specific growth-rates were compared no differences were significant.

The differences between the growth rates of fast and slow eruptors (steers whose eruption period was less than the mean, and greater than the mean respectively) were not significant, both for linear and specific growth rates.

Early eruptors had larger heads (head length x head width) relative to body weight (P < 0·05), indicating eruption at an earlier stage of body development. Also early eruptors had longer narrower heads, suggesting slower maturation rates.

Partial correlations between eruption age and head length varied from 0·37 to 0·74 (P < 0·01) showing a close relation with stage of head development. Partial correlations with other measures of skeletal development showed that they were of negligible importance relative to head development.

Relations between eruption age of the first incisor pair and six measures of carcass composition were negligible, as none of the partial regression coefficients was significant.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 88 , Issue 2 , April 1977 , pp. 361 - 373
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1977

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Brown, W. A. B., Christofferson, P. V., Massler, M. & Weiss, M. B. (1960). Postnatal tooth development in cattle. American Journal of Veterinary Research 21, 7–34.Google ScholarPubMed
Carles, A. B. & Lampkin, K. M. (1977). Studies of the permanent incisor eruption, and body development, of the Large East African Zebu (Boran). 1. The ages at first appearance of the incisors, length of the incisor eruption period, and sources of variation. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 88, 341–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garlick, N. L. (1954). The teeth of the ox in clinical diagnosis – developmental anatomy, and gross anatomy and physiology. American Journal of Veterinary Research 15, 226–31, 385–94.Google Scholar
Garn, S. M., Lewis, A. B. & Blizzard, R. M. (1965a). Endocrine factors in dental development. Journal of Dental Research 44, 243.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Garn, S. M., Lewis, A. B. & Kerewsky, R. S. (1965b). Genetic, nutritional, and maturational correlates of dental development. Journal of Dental Research 44, 228.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Horn, A. (1966). Genetic and environmental improvement–achievements and prospects. 9th International Congress of Animal Production, Edinburgh. English edition, pp. 307–13.Google Scholar
Lampkin, G. H. & Lampkin, K. (1960). Studies on the production of beef from zebu cattle in East Africa. I. A description of the Muguga herd. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 55, 229–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lauterstein, A. M. (1961). A cross sectional study in dental development and skeletal age. American Dental Association Journal 62, 161–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ledger, H. P. (1963). Animal husbandry research and wildlife in East Africa: description of a standardised technique for the comparison of the body and carcass composition of East Africa's wild and domestic ruminants with observations on its use. East African Wildlife Journal 1. 18–29.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ledger, H. P. (1965). The body and carcass composition of East African ruminants. I. The composition of ‘Improved Boran’ Bos indicus steer carcasses. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 65, 261–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCance, R. A., Owens, P. D. A. & Tonge, C. H. (1968). Severe undemutrition in growing and adult animals. 18. Effects of rehabilitation on teeth and jaws of pigs. British Journal of Nutrition 22, 357–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meyn, K. (1967). Weidemstversuche mit ostafrikanischen Zeburindern und Herefords, durchgefuhrt auf der Forschungsstation Muguga im Hochland Kenias. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Göttingen.Google Scholar
Palsson, H. (1940). Meat qualities in sheep with special reference to Scottish breeds and crosses. II. Pt. III, Comparative development of selected individuals of different breeds and crosses as lambs and hoggets. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 30, 1–64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simpson, Michael J. & Wilson, Lowell L. (1971). Effects of breed, sire, sex and age on degree of molar development in yearling beef cattle. Growth 35, 183–9.Google ScholarPubMed
Snedecor, G. W. & Cochran, W. G. (1967). Statistical Methods, 6th ed., pp. 432–6. Ames, Iowa: Iowa State University Press.Google Scholar
Tonge, C. H. & McCance, R. A. (1965). Severe undernutrition of growing and adult animals. 15. Mouth, jaws, and teeth of pigs. British Journal of Nutrition 19, 361–72.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Touchberry, R. W. (1951). Genetic correlations between five body measurements, weight, type and production in the same individual among Holstein cows. Journal of Dairy Science 34, 242–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tulloh, N. M. (1962). A study of the incisor teeth of beef cattle. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 13, 350–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wenham, G. & Fowler, N. R. (1973). A radiographio study of age changes in the skull, mandible and teeth of pigs. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 80, 451–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wiener, G. & Donald, H. P. (1955). A study of variation in twin cattle. IV. Emergence of permanent ncisor teeth. Journal of Dairy Research 22, 127–37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar