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The role of homofermentative and heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria for alfalfa silage: a meta-analysis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2020

J. E. Blajman Open the ORCID record for J. E. Blajman [Opens in a new window] ,
G. Vinderola ,
R. B. Páez  and
M. L. Signorini
J. E. Blajman*
Affiliation:
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria EEA Rafaela, Ruta 34 Km. 227, 2300 Rafaela, Santa Fe, Argentina
G. Vinderola
Affiliation:
Instituto de Lactología Industrial (CONICET-UNL), Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santiago del Estero 2829, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
R. B. Páez
Affiliation:
Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria EEA Rafaela, Ruta 34 Km. 227, 2300 Rafaela, Santa Fe, Argentina
M. L. Signorini
Affiliation:
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria EEA Rafaela, Ruta 34 Km. 227, 2300 Rafaela, Santa Fe, Argentina
*
Author for correspondence: J. E. Blajman, E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are usually employed as alfalfa silage inoculants to obtain high-quality feed for animal husbandry. However, the effects of these inoculants are still unclear and need to be studied extensively. Therefore, the objective of this meta-analysis was to quantitatively summarize published research studies that assess the effects of homofermentative (HoLAB) and heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria (HeLAB) on fermentation parameters, nutritive value, microbiological composition and aerobic stability of alfalfa silage. PubMed, ScienceDirect and Scopus have been screened for articles published from 1980 to 2018. The criteria for inclusion were: randomized and controlled trials using alfalfa silage and published in peer-reviewed journals. It was found that inoculation with LAB decreased silage pH, neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre and ammoniacal nitrogen, while it increased dry matter and crude protein compared to control in the pooled raw mean difference random-effect model. Additionally, LAB inoculation decreased acetate, propionate, ethanol and butyrate concentrations, whereas it increased lactate. In addition, inoculants reduced the counts of yeasts and moulds. Lastly, LAB inoculation improved aerobic stability. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis that aims at comparing the application of HoLAB and HeLAB for alfalfa silage. In the pool estimate, positive effects attributable to the application of microbial silage inoculants were found in most of the evaluated parameters; supporting the importance of applying both types of inoculants to improve forage preservation for the livestock industry.

Keywords

EnsilingEnterococcus faeciumLactobacillus buchneriLactobacillus plantarumLucernePediococcus acidilactici
Type
Crops and Soils Research Paper
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 158 , Issue 1-2 , March 2020 , pp. 107 - 118
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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