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Pollination by the hoverfly Eristalinus aeneus (Diptera: Syrphidae) in two hybrid seed crops: celery and fennel (Apiaceae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 June 2022

M. Sánchez Open the ORCID record for M. Sánchez [Opens in a new window] ,
B. Belliure Open the ORCID record for B. Belliure [Opens in a new window] ,
M. Montserrat Open the ORCID record for M. Montserrat [Opens in a new window] ,
J. Gil Open the ORCID record for J. Gil [Opens in a new window]  and
Y. Velásquez Open the ORCID record for Y. Velásquez [Opens in a new window]
M. Sánchez
Affiliation:
Polyfly S.L., Parque Científico-Tecnológico de Almería (PITA), Avda. Innovación 15, Edif. Pitágoras 75, 04131 Almería, Spain
B. Belliure*
Affiliation:
Polyfly S.L., Parque Científico-Tecnológico de Almería (PITA), Avda. Innovación 15, Edif. Pitágoras 75, 04131 Almería, Spain
M. Montserrat
Affiliation:
IHSM La Mayora (University of Malaga-CSIC), Avda. Dr Wienberg, s/n., 29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain
J. Gil
Affiliation:
Departamento de Genética, University of Córdoba, ETSIAM, Campus de Rabanales, Ctra. Madrid, Km 369, Edif. C-5, 2ª planta, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
Y. Velásquez
Affiliation:
Polyfly S.L., Parque Científico-Tecnológico de Almería (PITA), Avda. Innovación 15, Edif. Pitágoras 75, 04131 Almería, Spain
*
Author for correspondence: B. Belliure, E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Hybrid seed production often relies on managed pollinators whose use in isolation cages can pose challenges. Here, we evaluated the pollination ability of the novel managed pollinator Eristalinus aeneus (Diptera: Syrphidae) in hybrid celery and fennel seed crops. During trials performed in 2019–2020 in Cordoba, Spain, we compared seed production with hoverflies released at high and low densities (40–20 ind./m2), and without released pollinators. In celery, we included a treatment with Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae), a blowfly used for seed production (375 ind./m2). The production of celery seeds when E. aeneus were released at high density was significantly higher (+49%) than without released pollinators, for both sterile and fertile plant genotypes; no significant differences were found between the two hoverfly densities and the blowfly treatments. In fennel, seed yield of fertile plants with high density of hoverflies was higher than with low density (+149%), or without released pollinators (+168%); whereas for sterile plants no differences were found between treatments. In both crops and plant genotypes, the highest pollen adhesion to stigmas (number of pollen grains and proportion of flowers with pollen adhered in two stigmas) was obtained with hoverflies at high density. In celery, pollen adhesion was higher with high density of hoverflies than with blowflies for both plant genotypes, despite the considerably lower numbers of released hoverflies. Our results suggest that E. aeneus is a more efficient pollinator of celery than L. sericata, and that it has the potential to effectively pollinate other hybrid Apiaceae seed crops like fennel.

Keywords

Eristalinaehoverflyhybrid seedmanaged pollinatorpollen adhesionseed production
Type
Crops and Soils Research Paper
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 160 , Issue 3-4 , June 2022 , pp. 194 - 206
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

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