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Genetic and environmental effects on weaning weight in crossbred beef cattle (Bos taurus × Bos indicus)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 April 2021

P. Dominguez-Castaño Open the ORCID record for P. Dominguez-Castaño [Opens in a new window] ,
A. M. Maiorano ,
M.H.V. de Oliveira ,
L.E.C. dos Santos Correia  and
J.A.II.V. Silva
P. Dominguez-Castaño*
Affiliation:
Departamento de Zootecnia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, SP14884-900, Brazil Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Fundación Universitaria Agraria de Colombia, BogotáD.C.111166, Colombia
A. M. Maiorano
Affiliation:
Departamento de Zootecnia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, SP14884-900, Brazil
M.H.V. de Oliveira
Affiliation:
Departamento de Zootecnia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, SP14884-900, Brazil
L.E.C. dos Santos Correia
Affiliation:
Departamento de Zootecnia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, SP14884-900, Brazil
J.A.II.V. Silva
Affiliation:
Departamento de Melhoramento e Nutrição Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP18618-000, Brazil
*
Author for correspondence: P. Dominguez-Castaño, E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

This work aimed to evaluate the effects of sire's and dam's biological type, dam's age class at calving and individual heterozygosis, and to estimate variance components for weaning weight adjusted to 210 days (WW210) in beef cattle of different breed groups. Records of 13 687 animals, obtained from 2000 to 2007, were used. Bulls from the biological types Zebu (N), Adapted (A), British (B), Continental (C) and ¼N|¼A|¼B|¼C were mated with purebred zebu (N) and crossbred females (½C|½N and ½B|½N). Dam age at calving was 3–12 years. The influence of several effects on WW210 was tested using the least square method. Variance component analysis was performed using a Bayesian approach. The model included contemporary group, dam's age class at calving, sire's and dam's biological types as systematic effects, animal's age and individual heterozygosis as linear covariates, and direct and maternal additive genetic, maternal permanent environmental and residual effects as random effects. The progeny of bulls from biological type B and the crossbred cows showed higher WW210 means. Cows at 6–7 years old weaned heavier calves. Direct and maternal heritability estimates for WW210 were 0.5 ± 0.04 and 0.1 ± 0.02, respectively. Calves with 100% individual heterozygosis weighed on average 25.98 kg more at weaning compared to progenies from pure breeds. Sire's and dam's biological types influence the WW210 of the crossed progenies. Crossbred cows produce heavier calves compared to biological type N cows. These results and the obtained direct and maternal heritabilities suggest it is possible to choose the lines of sires and dams that could be used to make the crosses to obtain progenies with better performance for WW210.

Keywords

Crossbreedingheterozygosismaternal abilitypre-weaning growth
Type
Animal Research Paper
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 159 , Issue 1-2 , January 2021 , pp. 139 - 146
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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