Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-gb8f7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-05T02:31:05.821Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of zinc supplementation on performance and zinc metabolism of lambs fed forage-based diets

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

E. B. Kegley  and
J. W. Spears
E. B. Kegley
Affiliation:
North Carolina State University, Department of Animal Science and Interdepartmental Nutrition Program, Raleigh 27695-7621, USA
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of zinc (Zn) supplementation on the performance and mineral metabolism of lambs fed forage-based diets containing 15–23 mg Zn/kg. In Expt 1, 20 lambs were fed a good-quality orchardgrass (21·4 mg Zn/kg) or a low-quality tall fescue (14·7 mg Zn/kg) hay and supplemental Zn (as ZnO) at 0 or 30 mg/day in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Forage was fed ad libitum and all lambs received 92 g dry matter/day of a corn-based supplement which served as the carrier of the supplemental Zn. Lambs fed orchardgrass hay had a greater (P < 0·01) dry matter intake and average daily gain for the 42-day study. Zinc supplementation did not affect performance of lambs fed tall fescue but tended to improve performance in those fed orchardgrass hay. At the end of the 42-day growth phase, lambs were placed in metabolism crates for a 7-day total collection of urine and faeces. Supplemental Zn increased intake (P <0·01) and faecal excretion (P <0·01) of Zn. Absorbed Zn was greater (P < 0·05) for lambs fed supplemental Zn. There was a tendency for a forage × Zn interaction (P < 0·10) for urinary Zn excretion and retention. Urinary Zn excretion was highest in lambs fed tall fescue hay supplemented with Zn. In Expt 2, 24 lambs were fed diets consisting of ad libitum chopped tall fescue hay (23 mg Zn/kg) and 176 g/day of a corn and mineral supplement which served as the carrier of the Zn treatments. Treatments were no supplemental Zn or 30 mg/day supplemental Zn as ZnO, ZnSO4 or Zn methionine. Zinc oxide and ZnSO4 supplementation increased average daily gain (P < 0·10) and decreased feed/gain (P < 0·10) for the 56-day study when compared to control and Zn methionine-supplemented lambs.

Type
Animals
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 123 , Issue 2 , October 1994 , pp. 287 - 292
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1994

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Apgar, J. (1979). Alkaline phosphatase activity and zinc level in plasma as indicators of zinc status in pregnant and lactating sheep. Nutrition Reports International 19, 371–376.Google Scholar
Association of Official Analytical Chemists (1984). Official Methods of Analysis (14th edn). Washington, DC: AOAC.Google Scholar
Goering, H. K. & Van Soest, P. J. (1970). Forage fiber analyses (apparatus, reagents, procedures, and some applications). Agriculture Handbook 379. Washington, DC: ARS, USDA.Google Scholar
Hambidge, K. M., Casey, C. E. & Krebs, N. F. (1986). Zinc. In Trace Elements in Human and Animal Nutrition, Volume 2 (Ed. Mertz, W.), pp. 1–137. Orlando: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Hatch, P. A., Spears, J. W., Goode, L. & Johnson, B. H. (1987). Influence of dietary zinc on growth and testicular development in ram lambs fed a high fiber diet. Nutrition Reports International 35, 1175–1183.Google Scholar
Kegley, E. B., Harvey, R. W. & Spears, J. W. (1991). Effects of lysocellin and calcium level on mineral metabolism, performance and ruminal and plasma characteristics of beef steers. Journal of Animal Science 69, 782–791.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kincaid, R. L. (1979). Biological availability of zinc from inorganic sources with excess dietary calcium. Journal of Dairy Science 62, 1081–1085.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kincaid, R. L. & Cronrath, J. D. (1983). Amounts and distribution of minerals in Washington forages. Journal of Dairy Science 66, 821–824.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Latner, A. L. (1975). Enzymes. In Cantarow and Thrumper Clinical Biochemistry (7th edn), pp. 560–566. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders Co.Google Scholar
Masters, D. G. (1984). Factors affecting the zinc requirements of grazing ruminants. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Ruminant Physiology, Concepts and Consequences, 05 7–10 (Eds Baker, S. K., Gawthorne, J. M., Mackintosh, J. B. & Purser, D. B.), pp. 337–346. Murdoch: University of Western Australia.Google Scholar
Masters, D. G. & Fels, H. E. (1980). Effect of zinc supplementation on the reproductive performance of grazing merino ewes. Biological Trace Element Research 2, 281–290.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Masters, D. G. & Fels, H. E. (1985). Zinc supplements and reproduction in grazing ewes. Biological Trace Element Research 7, 89–93.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Miller, W. J. (1970). Zinc nutrition of cattle: a review. Journal of Dairy Science 53, 1123–1135.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Miller, W. J., Powell, G. W. & Hiers, J. M. Jr (1966). Influence of zinc deficiency on dry matter digestibility in ruminants. Journal of Dairy Science 49, 1012–1013.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mills, C. F., Dalgarno, A. C., Williams, R. B. & Quarterman, J. (1967). Zinc deficiency and the zinc requirements of calves and lambs. British Journal of Nutrition 21, 751–768.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
National Research Council (1985). Nutrient Requirements of Sheep(6th edn). Washington, DC: National Academy Press.Google Scholar
Neathery, M. W., Rachmat, S., Miller, W. J., Gentry, R. P. & Blackmon, D. M. (1972). Effect of chemical form of orally administered 65Zn on absorption and metabolism in cattle. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 139, 953–956.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pond, W. G. (1983). Effect of dietary calcium and zinc levels on weight gain and blood and tissue mineral concentrations of growing Columbia- and Suffolk-sired lambs. Journal of Animal Science 56, 952–959.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Price, J. & Humphries, W. R. (1980). Investigation of the effect of supplementary zinc on growth rate of beef cattle on farms in N. Scotland. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 95, 135–139.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reid, R. L., Jung, G. A., Stout, W. L. & Ranney, T. S. (1987). Effects of varying zinc concentrations on quality of alfalfa for lambs. Journal of Animal Science 64, 1735–1742.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sigma Chemical Company (1987). Quantitative, kinetic determination of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in serum or plasma at 405 nm. Technical Bulletin Number 245. St Louis, MO.Google Scholar
Somers, M. & Underwood, E. J. (1969). Studies of zinc nutrition in sheep. II. The influence of zinc deficiency in ram lambs upon the digestibility of the dry matter and the utilization of the nitrogen and sulphur of the diet. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 20, 899–903.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spears, J. W. (1989). Zinc methionine for ruminants: relative bioavailability of zinc in lambs and effects on growth and performance of growing heifers. Journal of Animal Science 67, 835–843.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Spears, J. W. (1991). Chelated trace minerals in ruminant nutrition. In Proceedings of the Second Annual Florida Ruminant Nutrition Symposium, 23–24 01 1991. Gainesville: University of Florida.Google Scholar
Stake, P. E., Miller, W. J. & Gentry, R. P. (1973). Zinc metabolism and homeostasis in ruminants as affected by dietary energy intake and growth rate. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 142, 494–496.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stake, P. E., Miller, W. J., Neathery, M. W. & Gentry, R. P. (1975). Zinc-65 absorption and tissue distribution in two- and six-month-old Holstein calves and lactating cows. Journal of Dairy Science 58, 78–81.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Statistical Analysis System Institute (1982). SAS User's Guide: Statistics. Cary, NC: SAS Institute.Google Scholar
Towers, N. R., Young, P. W. & Wright, D. E. (1981). Effect of zinc supplementation on bovine plasma copper. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 29, 113–114.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Udomkesmallee, E., Ferre, H., Lovich, S., McAdam, K. P. W. J. & Solomons, N. W. (1985). Zinc deficiency in the C3H mouse: serum alkaline phosphatase and other indices of zinc nutriture. In Trace Elements in Man and Animals- TEMA 5 (Eds Mills, C. F., Bremner, I. & Chesters, J. K.), pp. 590–593. Wallingford: Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux.Google Scholar
Van Campen, D. & House, W. A. (1974). Effect of a low protein diet on retention of an oral dose of 65Zn and on tissue concentrations of zinc, iron, and copper in rats. Journal of Nutrition 104, 84–90.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Whitehead, D. C., Goulden, K. M. & Hartley, R. D. (1985). The distribution of nutrient elements in cell wall and other fractions of the herbage of some grasses and legumes. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 36, 311–318.CrossRefGoogle Scholar