Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-l7hp2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-05T02:55:49.390Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of fertilizer nitrogen on drought resistance in Coffea arabica L.

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

A. J. Tesha  and
D. Kumar
A. J. Tesha
Affiliation:
Coffee Research Foundation, Ruiru, Kenya
D. Kumar
Affiliation:
Coffee Research Foundation, Ruiru, Kenya
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

When coffee trees have a good supply of nitrogen they are less affected by drought. Explanation and evidence are presented. Trees treated with extra nitrogen contained more adenosine triphosphate, aqueous protein and ‘bound water’.

Such N-rich trees exhibited lower transpiration rates than trees relatively poor in N when water supply was limiting. They had lower stomatal density and water saturation deficit values. Leaves maintained higher chlorophyll and turgidity. The conclusion is that nitrogen increases the drought-resisting capacity of coffee trees. This aspect was clearly reflected in yield, as nitrogen-rich trees produced more coffee beans.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 90 , Issue 3 , June 1978 , pp. 625 - 631
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1978

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abou-Zamazam, A. M., Wallace, A. & Motoyama, E. (1970). Measurement of the endogenous levels of adenosine nucleotides in sweet and sour lemon fruit. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 95, 203–6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alboum, H. G. (1955). Adenosine diphosphate, adenosine triphosphate. In Modern Methods of Plant Analysis (ed. Paech, K. and Tracay, M. V.). Berlin: Springer-Verlag.Google Scholar
Arnon, D. I. (1949). Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts. Polyphenoloxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiology 24, 1–15.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bozhenko, V. P. (1965). The influence of microelements on ATP content in plant in the presence of water stress and under the influence of high temperatures. In Water Stress in Plants (ed. Slavik, B.), The Hague: Dr Junk.Google Scholar
Brown, K. W. & Roserberg, N. J. (1970). Influence of leaf age, illumination and upper and lower surface differences on stomatal resistance of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) leaves. Agronomy Journal 62, 20–4.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Browning, G. (1975). Shoot growth in Coffea arabica L. I. Responses to rainfall when the soil moisture status and gibberellic acid supply are not limiting. The Journal of Horticultural Science 50, 1–11.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Roo, H. C. (1969). Leaf water potentials of sorghum and corm estimated with the pressure bomb. Agronomy Journal 61, 969–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gusev, N. A., (1965). Changes in the water status in plants under different external and internal conditions. In Water Stress in Plants (ed. Slavik, B.). The Hague: Dr W. Junk.Google Scholar
Heichel, G. H. (1971). Genetic control of epidermal cell and stomatal frequency in maize. Crop Science 11, 830–2.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hellkvist, J., Richards, G. P. & Jarvis, P. G. (1974). Vertical gradients of water potential and tissue water relations in sitka spruce trees measured with pressure chamber. Journal of Applied Ecology 11, 637–67.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Henkel, P. A. (1961). Drought resistance in plants: methods of diagnosis and intensification. In Plant- Water Relationships in Arid and Semiarid Conditions. Unesco Symposium, Madrid.Google Scholar
Hsiao, T. C. (1973). Plant responses to water stress. Annual Review of Plant Physiology 24, 519–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kozlowski, T. T. (1964). Water Metabolism in Plants, vol. IV. New York: Harper and Row.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kumar, D. & Tieszen, Larry L. (1976). Some aspects of photosynthesis and related processes in Coffea arabica L. Kenya Coffee 41, 309—15.Google Scholar
Levitt, J. (1951). Frost, drought, heat resistance. Annual Review of Plant Physiology 2, 245–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miskin, K. E., Rasmusson, D. C. & Moss, D. N. (1972). Inheritance of physiological effects of stomatal frequency in barley. Crop Science 12, 780–3.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Onishchenko, L. I. (1960). Influence of soil moisture on the number of chloroplasts and chlorophyll accumulation in sugar beet leaves. Quoted by Sestak, Z. and Vaclavik, J. in Water Stress in Plants (ed. B. Slavik). The Hague: Dr W. Junk.Google Scholar
Oppenheimer, H. R. (1960). Adaptation to drought: xerophytism. In Plant Water Relationships in Arid and Semiarid Conditions. Reviews of Research UNESCO.Google Scholar
Pharis, R. P. & Kramer, P. J. (1964). The effects of nitrogen and drought on loblolly pine seedlings. Forest Science 11, 143–50.Google Scholar
Scholander, P. F., Brandstreet, E. D., Hammel, H. T. & Hemingsen, E. A. (1966). Sap concentration in halophytes, and some other plants. Plant Physiology 41, 529–32.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sestak, Z. & Vaclavik, J. (1965). Relationship between chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate during the vegetation season in maize growth at different constant soil water levels. In Water Stress in Plants (ed. Slavik, B.). The Hague: Dr W. Junk.Google Scholar
Shimshi, D. (1970). The effects of nitrogen on transpiration and stomatal behaviour of beans (Phaseolus valgaris L.). New Phytologist 69, 405–12.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Slavik, B. (1963). Relationship between osmotic potential of cell sap and water saturation deficit during the wilting of leaf tissue. Biologia Pl. 5, 258–64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stocker, O. (1929). Das Wasserderfizit von Gafasspflanzen an verschieden klimazonen. Planta (Berlin) 7, 382–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stocker, O. (1960). Physiological and morphological changes in plants due to water deficiency. In Plant Water Relationships in Arid and Semiarid Conditions. Reviews of Research UNESCO.Google Scholar
Tesha, A. J. & Kumar, D. (1975). Nitrogen as a factor in increasing resistance to drought. Annual Report Coffee Research Foundation, 1974/1975.Google Scholar
Vasil'eva, N. G. (1955). The ratio between the free and the combined water in the leaves of plants in connection with their resistance to dryness. Fiziotogiya Rastenii 9, 209–14.Google Scholar
Weisman, G. S. (1964). Effect of ammonium and nitrate nutrition on protein level and exurate composition. Plant Physiology 39, 947–52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whitman, W. C. (1942). Seasonal changes in ‘bound water’ content of some prairie grasses. Botanical Gazette 103, 38–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wormer, T. M. (1965). The effects of soil moisture, nitrogen fertilization and some meteorological factors on stomatal aperture of Coffea arabica. Annals of Botany (N.S.) 29, 523–39.CrossRefGoogle Scholar