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Combining ability and testcross performance of low N tolerant intermediate maize inbred lines under low soil nitrogen and optimal environments

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 September 2020

P.F. Ribeiro ,
B. Badu Apraku Open the ORCID record for B. Badu Apraku [Opens in a new window] ,
V. Gracen ,
E.Y. Danquah ,
C. Afriyie-Debrah ,
K. Obeng-Dankwa  and
J.O. Toyinbo
P.F. Ribeiro
Affiliation:
CSIR – Crops Research Institute, P. O. Box 3785, Fumesua, Kumasi, Ghana
B. Badu Apraku*
Affiliation:
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, P.M.B. 5320, Ibadan, Nigeria
V. Gracen
Affiliation:
West Africa Centre for Crop Improvement, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
E.Y. Danquah
Affiliation:
West Africa Centre for Crop Improvement, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
C. Afriyie-Debrah
Affiliation:
CSIR – Crops Research Institute, P. O. Box 3785, Fumesua, Kumasi, Ghana
K. Obeng-Dankwa
Affiliation:
CSIR – Crops Research Institute, P. O. Box 3785, Fumesua, Kumasi, Ghana
J.O. Toyinbo
Affiliation:
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, P.M.B. 5320, Ibadan, Nigeria
*
Author for correspondence: B. Badu Apraku, E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Low soil nitrogen (low N) threatens maize production in sub-Sahara Africa (SSA). We examined the mode of gene action conditioning grain yield of intermediate maturing inbreds and evaluated lines in hybrid combinations for high yield, stability and tolerance to low N. Thirty-two sets of inbreds were crossed to three elite testers (87036, 1368 and 9071) to generate 96 F1 hybrids. The testcrosses plus four hybrid checks were evaluated under low (30 kg/ha) and high (90 kg/ha) N environments at three locations for 2 years in Ghana. Significant general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) effects were detected for grain yield and most measured traits across test environments, indicating that both additive and non-additive gene action governed the inheritance of the traits. GCA effects were greater than SCA effects, indicating that most traits were controlled predominantly by additive gene action and that inbreds with positive significant GCA effects for grain yield and other traits would contribute favourable alleles to progenies across environments. Hybrid CZL 0001 × 9071 possessed high GY, increased EPP, desirable EHT and PLHT and was the highest yielding under each of two research conditions. Significant genetic correlations were observed between GY and PLHT, EPP, EHT, CA and PA implying that improvement of these traits would lead to significant gains in grain yield under low-N conditions. Hybrids CLWN 247 × 9071, ZM523B-29-2-1-1-B*6 × 9071, TZD II 68 × 1368 and P43SCRq Fs100-1-1-8 × 9071 were high-yielding, stable and low-N tolerant and should be tested on-farm and commercialized.

Keywords

General and specific combining abilitygenotype-by-environment interactionGGE biplot analysis
Type
Crops and Soils Research Paper
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 158 , Issue 5 , July 2020 , pp. 351 - 370
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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