Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-gb8f7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-30T06:45:20.974Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Analysis of ergots from winter wheat in northern Scotland

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

B. G. Osborne  and
R. D. Watson
B. G. Osborne
Affiliation:
Flour Milling and Baking Research Association, Chorleywood, Rickmansworth, Herts. WD3 5SH
R. D. Watson
Affiliation:
School of Agriculture, 581 King Street, Aberdeen, ABd 1UP
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Ergots are the sclerotia of Claviceps purpurea (Fr.) Tul., which periodically infects certain cereals especially wheat and rye, and frequently infects numerous grasses (Mantle, 1977a). The ergots are produced in the seeding heads of the plant and are harvested with, and thus contaminate, the grain, causing the mycotoxicosis known as ‘ergotism’ in livestock fed contaminated cereals, or in humans eating bread made from contaminated flour (Mantle, 19776). The disease is caused by certain alkaloid constituents of the ergots which are derived from lysergic acid. Symptoms in humans are hallucinations, convulsions, gangrene of the limbs and other extremities, and eventually death. Seven isomeric pairs of indole alkaloids have been isolated from ergot, ergocristine and ergocristinine, ergotamine and ergotaminine, ergocryptine and ergocryptinine, ergocornine and ergocorninine, ergosine and ergosinine, ergostine and ergostinine, and ergometrine and ergometrinine. The first named of each pair is derived from lysergic acid and is physiologically active, while the second is derived from isolysergic acid and has little physiological activity.

Type
Short Notes
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 95 , Issue 1 , August 1980 , pp. 239 - 240
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1980

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alliston, G. V., De Fattbert Maunder, M. J. & Philips, G. F. (1971). A novel thin-layer chromatography system for lysergide (LSD). Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 23, 555–557.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Anon. (1968). British Pharmaceutical Codex, pp. 296–298. London: Pharmaceutical Press.Google Scholar
Mantle, P. G. (1977 a). The genus claviceps. In Mycotoxic Fungi, Mycotoxins, Mycotoxicoses – An Encyclopedic Handbook (ed.Wylie, T. D. and Morehouse, L. G.), Vol. 1, pp. 83–89. New York: Basle: Marcel Dekker.Google Scholar
Mantle, P. G. (1977 b). The genus claviceps. In Mycotoxic Fungi, Mycotoxins, Mycotoxicoses – An Encyclopedic Handbook (ed. Wylie, T. D. and Morehouse, L. G.), Vol. 3, pp. 1–5. New York, Basle: Marcel Dekker.Google Scholar
Shuey, W. C., Connelly, F. J. & Maneval, B. D. (1973). Distribution of ergot in mill streams. The Miller, 03 1973, 10–15.Google Scholar
Theilmann, E., Lang, W. & Kaiser, H. (1953). Contributions to the quantitative determination of ergot alkaloids. Archiv der Pharmazie 286, 379–387.Google Scholar