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Accumulation of essential mineral and toxic trace elements in crops and soils of vegetable cropping systems in central highlands of Sri Lanka

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 April 2022

L. D. B. Suriyagoda Open the ORCID record for L. D. B. Suriyagoda [Opens in a new window] ,
O. Dissanayake ,
V. Kodithuwakku ,
I. Maduwanthi ,
N. Dissanayaka  and
R. Chandrajith
L. D. B. Suriyagoda*
Affiliation:
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
O. Dissanayake
Affiliation:
National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Hanthana, Kandy, Sri Lanka
V. Kodithuwakku
Affiliation:
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
I. Maduwanthi
Affiliation:
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
N. Dissanayaka
Affiliation:
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
R. Chandrajith
Affiliation:
Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
*
Author for correspondence: L. D. B. Suriyagoda, E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Vegetables are widely cultivated in high rainfall and mountainous regions in Sri Lanka with poor soil conservation practices. Accumulation of essential mineral and toxic trace elements in the soils and widely cultivated vegetables of this region are poorly understood. One hundred soil and vegetable (i.e. cabbage, carrot and potato) samples were collected at the time of harvest and analysed for element concentrations. Soils contained high concentrations of essential mineral (N, P, K, Cu, Zn and Mn) and toxic trace elements (As, Cd and Pb). When comparing edible parts, cabbage contained the highest concentrations of mineral and toxic trace elements, and potato contained the lowest. Irrespective of the crop, edible parts contained high concentrations of N, P, K (14–35, 2–6, 15–24 g/kg, respectively), and Cu, Zn, Mn (2.5–6.7, 11–30, 8–147 mg/kg, respectively). Vegetables also contained As, Cd and Pb (0.04–1, 0.02–0.15, 0.02–0.26 mg/kg, respectively), but did not exceed the maximum permissible limits. Irrespective of the crop, 36–64 kg N, 6–11 kg P and 35–45 kg K per ha were removed with the harvest. According to the current rate of vegetable consumption by Sri Lankans (i.e. 240 g fresh weight (FW) per day), per capita consumption of 0.05–0.2 mg Cu, 0.45–0.65 mg Zn and 0.5–2 mg Mn per day through these vegetables was observed, i.e. 5–23% Cu, 7.5–11% Zn and 22–87% Mn of the recommended daily intake. Vegetables grown in the region served as a key source of essential mineral elements. However, agronomic mitigation strategies are needed to improve soil health and sustainability of these cropping systems.

Keywords

Heavy metalsleachingmetalloidsnutritionpollution
Type
Crops and Soils Research Paper
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 160 , Issue 1-2 , February 2022 , pp. 86 - 97
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

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